The Metrics of Making Ecosystem Services
The Metrics of Making Ecosystem Services
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提供生态系统服务的指标
DOI：
10.3167/ares.2017.080105
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
P. McElwee
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. McElwee
生态系统服务越来越多地被用作保护和发展行动的概念驱动力，这在很大程度上源于后续的千年生态系统评估。对新自由主义保护转向持怀疑态度的学者批评了利用经济价值为自然服务的做法。然而，人们不太了解和审查的是，如何通过计算技术来实施专家系统的概念，以及如何在网络和利益攸关方之间传播计算做法。这篇综述追溯了ES的定义和度量是如何演变的，以及它们是如何被使用的，例如在生物多样性抵消和湿地缓解计划中。本文利用计算机制的创建和部署的思想，讨论了这些过程如何在不同的ES环境中进行，评估了必须进行哪些本体论工作才能使ES可公度和可循环，并推测了除商品化以外的未来路径的机会是什么。
Ecosystem services (ES) are increasingly used as the conceptual driver for conservation and development actions, largely following from the infl uential Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. Scholars skeptical of the neoliberal turn in conservation have critiqued the use of economic values for nature’s services. What has been less well understood and reviewed, however, is how concepts of ES are enacted by technologies of calculation, as well as how calculative practices move through networks and among stakeholders. Th is review traces how defi nitions and metrics of ES have evolved and how they are used, such as in biodiversity off setting and wetland mitigation programs. Using the idea of the creation and deployment of calculative mechanisms, this article discusses how these processes proceed in diff erent ES contexts, assesses what work has to happen ontologically to make ES commensurable and circulatable, and speculates on what the opportunities for future pathways other than commodifi cation are.
生态系统服务话语中的技术官僚和经济理想
影响因子：
8.5
作者：
Turnhout E
通讯作者：
Turnhout E