Rapid Processing of a Global Feature in the ON Visual Pathways of Behaving Monkeys.
Rapid Processing of a Global Feature in the ON Visual Pathways of Behaving Monkeys.
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快速处理行为猴子视觉通路中的全局特征
DOI：
10.3389/fnins.2017.00474
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Zhou W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huang J;Yang Y;Zhou K;Zhao X;Zhou Q;Zhu H;Yang Y;Zhang C;Zhou Y;Zhou W
视觉对象是通过其特征来识别的。然而，一些特征基于简单的组件（即，局部特征，例如线段的方向），一些特征基于整个对象（即，全局特征，例如其中具有孔的对象）。在过去的50年里，行为，生理，解剖和计算研究已经建立了一个通用的视觉模型，它从提取局部特征的低视觉通路，其次是一个功能集成过程，提取全局特征的高视觉通路。这种局部到全局的模型成功地为大量的感知实验提供了统一的解释，但它未能解释一组显示人类视觉系统对全局特征的上级敏感性的实验。理解“全球第一”过程背后的神经机制将为新的视觉模型提供重要的见解。本研究的目的是建立一个非人灵长类动物快速加工全局特征的模型，以阐明全局特征和局部特征差异加工的神经机制。猴子被训练对黑色背景中的目标进行扫视，黑色背景在颜色上不同于干扰物（白色圆圈）（例如，红圈目标），局部特征（例如，白色正方形目标），全局特征（例如，具有孔靶的白色环）或它们的组合（例如，红色方块目标）。与流行的局部到全局模型的预测相反，我们发现：（1）检测全局特征中的区别或变化比检测颜色或局部特征中的区别或变化更快;（2）检测颜色的区别是由全局特征中的区别促进的，但不是局部特征;以及（3）检测孔受到孔的局部特征的干扰（例如，带方孔的白色环）。这些结果表明，猴子ON视觉系统有一个子系统，是更敏感的区别，在全球功能比本地功能。它们还为识别潜在的神经基质提供了行为约束。
Visual objects are recognized by their features. Whereas, some features are based on simple components (i.e., local features, such as orientation of line segments), some features are based on the whole object (i.e., global features, such as an object having a hole in it). Over the past five decades, behavioral, physiological, anatomical, and computational studies have established a general model of vision, which starts from extracting local features in the lower visual pathways followed by a feature integration process that extracts global features in the higher visual pathways. This local-to-global model is successful in providing a unified account for a vast sets of perception experiments, but it fails to account for a set of experiments showing human visual systems' superior sensitivity to global features. Understanding the neural mechanisms underlying the “global-first” process will offer critical insights into new models of vision. The goal of the present study was to establish a non-human primate model of rapid processing of global features for elucidating the neural mechanisms underlying differential processing of global and local features. Monkeys were trained to make a saccade to a target in the black background, which was different from the distractors (white circle) in color (e.g., red circle target), local features (e.g., white square target), a global feature (e.g., white ring with a hole target) or their combinations (e.g., red square target). Contrary to the predictions of the prevailing local-to-global model, we found that (1) detecting a distinction or a change in the global feature was faster than detecting a distinction or a change in color or local features; (2) detecting a distinction in color was facilitated by a distinction in the global feature, but not in the local features; and (3) detecting the hole was interfered by the local features of the hole (e.g., white ring with a squared hole). These results suggest that monkey ON visual systems have a subsystem that is more sensitive to distinctions in the global feature than local features. They also provide the behavioral constraints for identifying the underlying neural substrates.
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影响因子：
29.3
作者：
FISCHER, B;WEBER, H
通讯作者：
WEBER, H
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
BRUCE, C;DESIMONE, R;GROSS, CG
通讯作者：
GROSS, CG
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Chen, L;Zhou, W
通讯作者：
Zhou, W
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
CHEN, L
通讯作者：
CHEN, L
影响因子：
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作者：
Pare, M;Munoz, DP
通讯作者：
Munoz, DP