Insights into the historical assembly of global dryland floras: the diversification of Zygophyllaceae.
Insights into the historical assembly of global dryland floras: the diversification of Zygophyllaceae.
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洞察全球旱地植物区系的历史组合：霸王科的多样化
DOI：
10.1186/s12862-018-1277-z
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发表时间：
2018-11-09
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Wang W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wu SD;Zhang LJ;Lin L;Yu SX;Chen ZD;Wang W
旱地占地球陆地面积的近41%，在全球范围内面临着很高的退化风险。然而，旱地植物群在全球范围内增加的实际时间框架仍然未知。蒺藜科植物是世界旱地植物区系的重要组成部分，是研究旱地植物区系多样性的理想模式类群。在这里，我们使用的系统发育，分子测年，植物地理学和多样化的方法来调查的时间和模式的谱系积累Zygophyllaceae的整体和区域的整合。然后，我们将数据从其他主要组成部分的旱地植物区系在不同的大陆调查的历史建设旱地植物区系在全球范围内。我们提供了最全面的系统发育树Zygophyllaceae到目前为止，基于四个质体和核标记。详细的分析表明，蒺藜科在不同时期，有时多次殖民非洲，亚洲，澳大利亚和新大陆，但在这四个地区的蒺藜科谱系都经历了一个快速积累开始在中新世中晚期（~ 15-10 Ma）。旱地植物区系的其他11个基本要素同时分化。我们的研究结果表明，全球旱地植物区系的崛起是近同步的，并开始在中新世中晚期，可能是由于中中新世全球冷却和区域造山和气候变化。中新世中晚期是全球旱地植物区系聚集和演化的重要时期。本文的在线版本（10.1186/s12862-018-1277-z）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
Drylands cover nearly 41% of Earth’s land surface and face a high risk of degradation worldwide. However, the actual timeframe during which dryland floras rose on a global scale remains unknown. Zygophyllaceae, an important characteristic component of dryland floras worldwide, offers an ideal model group to investigate the diversification of dryland floras. Here, we used an integration of the phylogenetic, molecular dating, biogeographic, and diversification methods to investigate the timing and patterns of lineage accumulation for Zygophyllaceae overall and regionally. We then incorporated the data from other dominant components of dryland floras in different continents to investigate the historical construction of dryland floras on a global scale. We provide the most comprehensive phylogenetic tree for Zygophyllaceae so far based on four plastid and nuclear markers. Detailed analyses indicate that Zygophyllaceae colonized Africa, Asia, Australia, and the New World at different periods, sometimes multiple times, but Zygophyllaceae lineages in the four regions all experienced a rapid accumulation beginning at the mid-late Miocene (~ 15–10 Ma). Other eleven essential elements of dryland floras become differentiated at the same time. Our results suggest that the rise of global dryland floras is near-synchronous and began at the mid-late Miocene, possibly resulting from the mid-Miocene global cooling and regional orogenetic and climate changes. The mid-late Miocene is an essential period for the assembly and evolution of global dryland floras. The online version of this article (10.1186/s12862-018-1277-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.