In vitro high-pressure incubation and activity measurement of deep-sea methanogenic archaea
In vitro high-pressure incubation and activity measurement of deep-sea methanogenic archaea
复制标题
深海产甲烷古菌体外高压培养及活性测定
DOI：
10.1007/8623_2015_111
复制
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Takai K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tasumi E;Yanagawa K;Miyazaki J;Takai K
高压培养或培养系统可以在实验室中再现深海环境的原地高压条件。自几十年前首次报道深海微生物高压培养以来，它对微生物特别是嗜冷异养生物的压生理学研究作出了重大贡献。以H2、CH4、N2和CO2等气体为基质的深海微生物在深海热液喷口等富气环境的地球化学循环中发挥着重要作用。然而，由于难以获得用于增加的气态底物的耐压气密高压培养系统以及它们的操作的棘手方式，迄今为止，仅少数利用气体的微生物在高压条件下进行了研究。在这里，我们描述了高压微生物实验的协议，易于处理的系统，使高压培养的超嗜热氢营养产甲烷菌和以下的高灵敏度测量在深海沉积物中使用放射性示踪剂在高压条件下的产甲烷活性。
A high-pressure cultivation or incubation system can reproduce elevated in situ pressure conditions of deep-sea environments in a laboratory. It has significantly contributed to the piezophysiological studies of microorganisms, especially psychrophilic heterotrophs, since the first report of high-pressure incubation of deep-sea microorganisms many decades ago. The deep-sea microorganisms growing on gaseous substrates such as H2, CH4, N2, and CO2play important roles in biogeochemical cycles around gas-rich deep-sea environments such as deep-sea hydrothermal vent habitats. However, due to the difficulties in obtaining pressure-proof gastight high-pressure cultivation systems for increased gaseous substrates and the tricky way of their operations, only a few gas-utilizing microorganisms have been investigated under high-pressure conditions so far. Here, we describe the protocols for high-pressure microbiological experiments with easy handling systems that enable the high-pressure cultivation of hyperthermophilic hydrogenotrophic methanogens and the following highly sensitive measurement of methanogenesis activity in the deep-sea sediments using radiolabeled tracers under high-pressure conditions.