Economic Markets As Collective Calculating Devices
Economic Markets As Collective Calculating Devices
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经济市场作为集体计算工具
DOI：
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发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Fabian Muniesa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Callon;Fabian Muniesa
如何在不涉及市场的情况下凭经验解决市场的计算特征
溶解它吗？在本文中，作者提出了一个理论框架
有助于在不揭穿市场计算特性的情况下应对市场。在
在第一部分中，他们构建了计算的广泛定义，其基础是
STS（科学技术研究）领域。在以下部分中
他们将这一定义与市场的三个组成要素进行比较：
经济商品、经济代理人和经济交流。首先他们
检查商品的可计算性问题：为了进行计算，
商品必须是可计算的。然后他们引入了计算的概念
分布式机构了解这些可计算商品的实际情况
计算出来的。第三，他们考虑了规则和物质手段
组织个体供给和个体供给之间的相遇（和聚合）
要求，即允许进行计算交换的特定组织
和市场产量。这三个要素将具体市场定义为
集体组织的设备，计算价值的妥协
货物。在每种情况下，他们都会遇到不同版本的广义定义
他们用一些例子来说明计算，主要来自以下领域
金融市场和大众零售。
How to address empirically the calculative character of markets without
dissolving it? In this paper the authors propose a theoretical framework that
helps to deal with markets without debunking their calculative properties. In
the first section they construct a broad definition of calculation, grounded on
the field of STS (science and technology studies). In the following sections
they confront this definition to three constituent elements of markets:
economic goods, economic agents and economic exchanges. First they
examine the question of the calculability of goods: in order to be calculated,
goods must be calculable. They then introduce the notion of calculative
distributed agencies to understand how these calculable goods are actually
calculated. Thirdly, they consider the rules and material devices that
organize the encounter between (and aggregation of) individual supplies and
demands, i.e. the specific organizations that allow for a calculated exchange
and a market output. Those three elements define concrete markets as
collective organized devices that calculate compromises on the values of
goods. In each, they encounter different versions of their broad definition of
calculation that they illustrate with some examples, mainly from the fields of
financial markets and mass retail.