A Comparison of ASOS Near-Surface Winds and WSR-88D-Derived Wind Speed Profiles Measured in Landfalling Tropical Cyclones
A Comparison of ASOS Near-Surface Winds and WSR-88D-Derived Wind Speed Profiles Measured in Landfalling Tropical Cyclones
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ASOS 近地表风与登陆热带气旋中测量的 WSR-88D 风速剖面的比较
DOI：
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Lorsolo
中科院分区：
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作者：
Richard J. Krupar;J. Schroeder;D. A. Smith;Song‐Lak Kang;S. Lorsolo
一组速度-方位角显示（VAD）风速廓线来自沿海天气监视雷达-1988多普勒（WSR-88 D）系统与自动地面观测系统（ASOS）的10米标准化平均和非标准化阵风风速在10公里内附近的WSR-88 D测量配对。目标是制定一个适当的方法和经验关系，估计陆地近地面风条件登陆热带气旋（TC）使用VAD热带气旋边界层（TCBL）低对流层风测量。总共17个TC和7个ASOS/WSR-88 D位点用于构建独特的比较数据集。评估了四种估计方法，包括对数和幂律，平均和阵风风速比（WSR）方法，以及线性回归和多项式拟合的曲线拟合。评估结果表明，使用VAD 0-200米层平均风速和非零截距的WSR-88 D特定场地线性回归方程提供了ASOS 10米标准化平均风速的最准确预测。结果还表明，一个非现场特定的线性回归模型，使用VAD 0-500米平均边界层（MBL）风速和非零截距是1.07%，更准确地比使用单阵风WSR预测ASOS 10米非标准化阵风风速。只有2.15%的ASOS 10 m非标准化最大3 s阵风风速超过VAD 0-500 m MBL风速，表明VAD 0-500 m MBL风速代表了以阵风形式传输到地面的可行动量源。
A set of velocity-azimuth display (VAD) wind speed profiles derived from coastal Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler (WSR-88D) systems was paired with Automated Surface Observing System (ASOS) 10-m standardized mean and nonstandardized gust wind speeds measured within 10 km of nearby WSR-88Ds. The goal was to formulate an appropriate methodology and empirical relationships to estimate overland near-surface wind conditions in landfalling tropical cyclones (TCs) using VAD tropical cyclone boundary layer (TCBL) lower-tropospheric wind measurements. A total of 17 TCs and seven ASOS/WSR-88D sites were used to construct a unique comparative dataset. Four estimation methods including the log and power laws, mean and gust wind speed ratio (WSR) methods, and curve fitting with linear regression and polynomial fits were evaluated. Results from the evaluation show that WSR-88D site-specific linear regression equations using a VAD 0-200-m layer average wind speed and nonzero intercepts provided the most accurate predictions of the ASOS 10-m standardized mean wind speed. Results also show that a non-site-specific linear regression model using a VAD 0-500-m mean boundary layer (MBL) wind speed and nonzero intercept is 1.07% more accurate than using a single-gust WSR to predict ASOS 10-m nonstandardized gust wind speeds. Only 2.15% of the ASOS 10-m nonstandardized maximum 3-s gust wind speeds were found to exceed the VAD 0-500-m MBL wind speed, indicating that the VAD 0-500-m MBL wind speed represents a viable source of momentum available for transport to the surface in the form of a gust.