FROM FOREST TO FIELD: PERENNIAL FRUIT CROP DOMESTICATION
FROM FOREST TO FIELD: PERENNIAL FRUIT CROP DOMESTICATION
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DOI：
10.3732/ajb.1000522
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发表时间：
2011-09-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Gross, Briana L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Miller, Allison J.;Gross, Briana L.
本研究的目的：对种子繁殖的一年生作物的考古学和遗传学分析极大地促进了我们对植物驯化和进化的理解。对于多年生植物驯化，了解基因和基因组如何在长寿物种中进化的相关主题，以及多年生植物如何在相对较短的时间尺度上对选择压力做出反应，所知相对较少。在这里，我们关注长寿的多年生作物主要研究结果：（1）长寿多年生植物的基本生物学，通过考虑这些物种在自然界中如何进化，为多年生驯化奠定基础;（2）与多年生果树驯化相关的一系列形态特征;结论：长寿多年生植物具有较长的幼年期、广泛的异交、广泛的杂交和有限的种群结构。在驯化下，这些特征，结合克隆繁殖，多个起源，和正在进行的作物-野生基因流，有助于温和的驯化瓶颈多年生水果作物。驯化下的形态变化与一年生作物有许多相似之处，但在交配系统的进化和繁殖方式上有关键的区别。多年生植物中与驯化性状相关的数量性状基因座的效应主要较小，且可能不具有跨年度稳定性。未来的研究将利用基因组方法并考虑人口统计学历史，阐明多年生水果作物及其野生近缘种的农业和生态重要性状的遗传学。
Premise of the study: Archaeological and genetic analyses of seed-propagated annual crops have greatly advanced our understanding of plant domestication and evolution. Comparatively little is known about perennial plant domestication, a relevant topic for understanding how genes and genomes evolve in long-lived species, and how perennials respond to selection pressures operating on a relatively short time scale. Here, we focus on long-lived perennial crops (mainly trees and other woody plants) grown for their fruits.Key results: We reviewed (1) the basic biology of long-lived perennials, setting the stage for perennial domestication by considering how these species evolve in nature; (2) the suite of morphological features associated with perennial fruit crops undergoing domestication; (3) the origins and evolution of domesticated perennials grown for their fruits; and (4) the genetic basis of domestication in perennial fruit crops.Conclusions: Long-lived perennials have lengthy juvenile phases, extensive outcrossing, widespread hybridization, and limited population structure. Under domestication, these features, combined with clonal propagation, multiple origins, and ongoing crop-wild gene flow, contribute to mild domestication bottlenecks in perennial fruit crops. Morphological changes under domestication have many parallels to annual crops, but with key differences for mating system evolution and mode of reproduction. Quantitative trait loci associated with domestication traits in perennials are mainly of minor effect and may not be stable across years. Future studies that take advantage of genomic approaches and consider demographic history will elucidate the genetics of agriculturally and ecologically important traits in perennial fruit crops and their wild relatives.