Aid Distribution and the MDGs
Aid Distribution and the MDGs
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援助分配和千年发展目标
DOI：
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发表时间：
2004
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
B. Baulch
中科院分区：
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作者：
B. Baulch
联合国和其他援助机构呼吁将援助增加一倍以上，以便到2015年实现千年发展目标。不幸的是，正如本文件所显示的那样，许多重要捐助国目前分配援助的方式与千年发展目标不符。它为主要的双边和多边捐助者绘制了千年发展目标四个可量化指标（货币贫穷、儿童营养不良、小学失学和五岁以下儿童死亡率）的援助集中曲线。观察到捐助方援助方案按这些指标的共同排名。然而，无论使用何种指标，不同捐助方援助方案的累进性和递减性之间存在着巨大的反差。联合王国和世界银行的援助方案将其优惠援助的三分之二分配给低收入国家。相比之下，美国和欧盟委员会将其大部分援助预算用于中等收入国家。法国、德国、荷兰、日本和联合国处于中间地位，将其援助的一半至三分之二分配给低收入国家，但也向少数相对较小和富裕的国家支付大量款项。
The United Nations and other aid agencies are calling for aid to be more than doubled so that the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) can be achieved by 2015. Unfortunately, as this paper shows, many important donors currently distribute their aid in ways that are not consistent with the MDGs. It constructs aid concentration curves for four of the quantifiable indicators of the MDGs (monetary poverty, child malnutrition, non-enrolment in primary school, and under-five mortality) for the major bilateral and multilateral donors. A common ranking of donors’ aid programmes by these indicators is observed. However, there are major contrasts between the progressivity and regressivity of different donor’s aid programmes whatever indicator is used. The UK and World Bank have aid programmes which distribute around twothirds of their concessionary aid to the low income countries. In contrast, the USA and the European Commission spend the majority of their aid budgets in middle income countries. France, Germany, the Netherlands, Japan and the United Nations occupy an intermediate position, distributing between a half and two-thirds of their aid to low income countries but also making substantial disbursements to a few relatively small and well off countries.