Revisiting strategies for reducing the seedbank of Orobanche and Phelipanche spp.
Revisiting strategies for reducing the seedbank of Orobanche and Phelipanche spp.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-3180.2009.00742.x
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发表时间：
2009-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Joel, D. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rubiales, D.;Fernandez-Aparicio, M.;Joel, D. M.
杂草列当属和列当属物种在南欧和东欧、中东和北非是重要的，最近在美国、澳大利亚和南美洲的一些国家也有报道。列当和列当的问题不但没有得到控制，反而在强度和面积上都在增加。如果不立即采取措施限制寄生种子的引入，并教育农民和其他人警惕新的侵扰，大片新的领土就有入侵的危险。迫切需要重新评估新的列当属和假列当属综合管理方案，以便更好地控制寄生虫物种并限制其分布。列当和列当侵染田的长期管理的主要障碍是持久的种子库，其可以在田间保持数十年的活力。大量的长寿种子使寄生虫对宿主抗性和培养实践的变化具有遗传适应性。只要种子库不受控制，只要易感宿主在受感染的田地中生长，就需要控制寄生虫。我们讨论减少种子库的策略，特别注意文化的做法，而化学和生物控制方法在这个问题上的其他评论。
P>Weedy Orobanche and Phelipanche species are important in Southern and Eastern Europe, the Middle East and North Africa, and have recently been reported in the USA, Australia and some countries in South America. Rather than being controlled, the Orobanche and Phelipanche problem is increasing, both in intensity and in acreage. Large areas of new territory are at risk of invasion, if care is not immediately taken to limit the introduction of parasitic seeds and to educate farmers and others to be alert for new infestations. There is an urgent need to re-evaluate novel integrated Orobanche and Phelipanche management programmes that will allow a better control of the parasite species and limit their distribution. The main obstacle in the long-term management of Orobanche and Phelipanche infested fields is the durable seedbank, which may remain viable for decades in the field. Large quantities of long-lived seeds give the parasite genetic adaptability to changes in host resistance and cultural practices. As long as the seedbank is not controlled, the need to control the parasite will persist whenever a susceptible host is grown in the infested field. We discuss strategies for seedbank reduction, paying particular attention to cultural practices, whereas chemical and biological control methods are covered by other reviews in this issue.