Molecular systematics of the bubblegum coral genera (Paragorgiidae, Octocorallia) and description of a new deep-sea species
Molecular systematics of the bubblegum coral genera (Paragorgiidae, Octocorallia) and description of a new deep-sea species
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ympev.2009.12.007
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发表时间：
2010-04-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Sanchez, Juan A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Herrera, Santiago;Baco, Amy;Sanchez, Juan A.
泡泡糖八爪珊瑚（Paragorgia和Sibogagorgia）在许多深海生态系统中起着重要的生态作用。然而，这些生物目前正受到诸如底拖网捕捞等破坏性捕鱼方法的威胁。保护目标的分类学知识对于制定和实施有效的保护策略是必要的。然而，对于大多数深海珊瑚群来说，这些知识仍然不完整。例如，尽管与Paragorgia有相似之处，但Sibogagorgia特别缺乏息肉硬核，而息肉硬核存在于Paragorgia和Coralliidae等群体中。尽管Paragorgia和Sibogagorgia的两种硬结物非常相似，但其他特征对这两属的单一性提出了挑战。本文通过对分子数据的分析，阐明了泡泡糖八瓣珊瑚及其相关分类群的分类和进化关系。我们利用线粒体（ND6， ND6-ND3基因间间隔区，ND3, ND2, CO1， msh1和16S）和核（28S和ITS2）基因组区域的核苷酸序列来推断分子系统发育，并检查形态特征与潜在遗传信息的对应关系。我们的数据有力地支持了Paragorgia属、Coralliidae科（珍贵珊瑚）和一组类似Sibogagorgia的未描述标本的单系性。进一步的形态学观察与描述标本的独特性一致，这里定义为一个新种，Sibogagorgia cauliflora sp. nov.，它分布在北美大陆两侧1700米以下的深度。该新种与S. dennisgordoni相似，在一个平面上有分支，但具有相当不同的辐射硬核和显著不同的DNA序列。该属植物的几个诊断特征表明其确实属于该属。然而，值得注意的是，在这个物种中也发现了少量的髓质管；髓质管被认为是先天性肾病的主要诊断特征。因此，这里产生的证据表明，轮胎是否存在这些管道本身并不是任何一个属的决定性诊断特征。在推断的这些属的系统发育假设中缺乏内部节点分辨率，这使我们无法就这些特征的进化提出明确的设想。(C) 2009爱思唯尔公司版权所有。
Bubblegum octocorals (Paragorgia and Sibogagorgia) play an important ecological role in many deep-sea ecosystems. However, these organisms are currently threatened by destructive fishing methods such as bottom trawling. Taxonomic knowledge of conservation targets is necessary for the creation and implementation of efficient conservation strategies. However, for most deep-sea coral groups this knowledge remains incomplete. For instance, despite its similarities with Paragorgia, Sibogagorgia is particular in lacking polyp sclerites, which are present in groups like Paragorgia and the Coralliidae. Although two kinds of sclerites are very similar between Paragorgia and Sibogagorgia, other characters challenge the monophyly of these genera. Here we help to clarify the taxonomy and evolutionary relationships of the bubblegum octocorals and related taxa by examining molecular data. We employed nucleotide sequences of mitochondrial (ND6, ND6-ND3 intergenic spacer, ND3, ND2, CO1, msh1 and 16S) and nuclear (28S and ITS2) genomic regions from several taxa to infer molecular phylogenetics and to examine the correspondence of morphological features with the underlying genetic information. Our data strongly supported the monophyly of the genus Paragorgia, the family Coralliidae (precious corals), and a group of undescribed specimens resembling Sibogagorgia. Further morphological observations were congruent regarding the uniqueness of the undescribed specimens, here defined as a new species, Sibogagorgia cauliflora sp. nov., which occurs in both sides of the North American landmass at depths below 1700 m. This new species resembles S. dennisgordoni with branching in one plane but has fairly different radiate sclerites and significantly divergent DNA sequences. The existence of several diagnostic characters of Sibogagorgia in S. cauliflora indicates that they indeed belong to this genus. It is however remarkable that a small number of medullar canals are also found in this species; medullar canals have been considered as the main diagnostic character of Paragorgia. Thus, the evidence generated here indicates that tire presence or absence of these canals per se is not a conclusively diagnostic character for either genus. The lack of internal-node resolution in the inferred phylogenetic hypotheses of these genera does not allow us to propose a clear scenario regarding the evolution of these traits. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.