Macrophage activation by edible mushrooms is due to the collaborative interaction of toll-like receptor agonists and dectin-1b activating beta glucans derived from colonizing microorganisms.
Macrophage activation by edible mushrooms is due to the collaborative interaction of toll-like receptor agonists and dectin-1b activating beta glucans derived from colonizing microorganisms.
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食用蘑菇激活巨噬细胞是由于 Toll 样受体激动剂和源自定植微生物的 dectin-1b 激活 β 葡聚糖的协同相互作用。
DOI：
10.1039/c9fo01707k
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Pugh,NirmalD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang,Jin;Tyler,HeatherL;Haron,MonaH;Jackson,ColinR;Pasco,DavidS;Pugh,NirmalD
研究支持这样的理论，即植物和蘑菇的微生物群产生有效的病原体识别受体激活剂，而病原体识别受体是刺激巨噬细胞的主要因素。我们之前已经报道过，13种不同类型的食用菌水溶性提取物的体外巨噬细胞刺激活性主要是由于这些材料中自然发生的细菌群落中的细菌成分所致。本研究的目的是进一步研究蘑菇水溶性提取物的细菌依赖性活性，并评估这13种蘑菇是否含有激活Dectin-1b信号通路的水不溶性β-葡聚糖。水溶性提取物的活性主要来自Toll样受体2(TLR2)和TLR4激动剂。对于依赖Dectin-1b的活性(指示不溶于水的β-葡聚糖)，食用菌(双孢菇)基本上是无效的，而大多数药用蘑菇(香菇、灰树花、真姬菇、金针菇)表现出很强的活性。没有检测到Dectin-1b依赖活性的双孢曲霉样品的酵母菌落形成单位比表现出高活性的香菇低687倍，这表明活性不溶性β-葡聚糖来自定植酵母。此外，发现巨噬细胞与TLR激动剂和不溶性β-葡聚糖共刺激可协同增强体外细胞因子的产生。综上所述，这些发现表明，食用菌的体外巨噬细胞激活潜力是由于水溶性TLR激动剂(来自定植细菌)和水不溶性β-葡聚糖(来自定植酵母)的协同作用。
Research supports the theory that the microbiome of plants and mushrooms produce potent activators of pathogen recognition receptors which are principal contributors to the stimulation of macrophages. We have previously reported that the in vitro macrophage stimulatory activity of water-soluble extracts from 13 different types of edible mushrooms is predominantly due to bacterial components originating from the naturally occurring bacterial communities within these materials. The purpose of the current study was to further investigate the bacterial-dependent activity of the water-soluble extracts and assess whether these 13 types of mushrooms contain water-insoluble beta glucans that activate the dectin-1b signaling pathway. Activity of the water-soluble extracts was predominantly due to Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and TLR4 agonists. For dectin-1b-dependent activity (indicative of water-insoluble beta glucans), culinary mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus varieties) were essentially inactive, whereas most of the medicinal mushrooms (Lentinula edodes, Grifola frondosa, Hypsizygus marmoreus varieties, Flammulina velutipes) exhibited potent activation. A. bisporus samples with no detectable dectin-1b-dependent activity had yeast colony forming units that were 687 times lower than L. edodes exhibiting high activity, indicating that the active insoluble beta glucans are derived from colonizing yeast. In addition, co-stimulation of macrophages with the TLR agonists and insoluble beta glucan was found to result in a synergistic enhancement of in vitro cytokine production. Taken together, these findings indicate that the in vitro macrophage activating potential of edible mushrooms is due to the collaborative interaction of water-soluble TLR agonists (derived from colonizing bacteria) and water-insoluble beta glucans (derived from colonizing yeast).