Predictors of use and consumption of public drinking water among pregnant women
Predictors of use and consumption of public drinking water among pregnant women
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DOI：
10.1038/sj.jes.7500488
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发表时间：
2007-03-01
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Wright, J. Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Forssen, Ulla M.;Herring, Amy H.;Wright, J. Michael
饮用水中的消毒副产物（DBPs）可能与不良妊娠结局有关。然而，以前的流行病学研究结果并不一致，部分原因可能是用水和消费的个体差异。这项研究的目的是评估和描述人口统计学和行为特征作为孕妇饮水、淋浴、洗澡和游泳的预测因素。水的使用和消费数据收集通过电话采访2297孕妇从三个地理位置在美国南部。根据人口统计学、健康和行为变量对数据进行分析，这些变量预计是用水量的预测因素，因此可能是用水量与妊娠结局相关的混杂因素。在回归模型中使用向后消除法对候选预测因子进行评价。人口变量往往比健康和行为相关因素更能预测水的使用和消费。非西班牙裔白色女性每天比西班牙裔女性多喝0.4升（95%置信区间（CI）0.2; 0.7）冷自来水，比非西班牙裔黑人女性多喝0.3升（95% CI 0.1; 0.4）。非西班牙裔白色女性也报告饮用更高比例的过滤自来水，而西班牙裔女性则更多地用瓶装水取代自来水。社会经济地位较低的群体报告说，他们花在淋浴和洗澡上的时间更长，但不太可能使用游泳池。他的研究结果应该有助于研究人员在暴露于DBP和妊娠结局的研究中预测和更好地控制混淆和错误分类。
Disinfection by-products (DBPs) in drinking water may be associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, the results from previous epidemiological studies are not consistent, perhaps in part due to individual variation in water use and consumption. This study was performed to evaluate and describe demographic and behavioral characteristics as predictors of ingested water, showering, bathing, and swimming among pregnant women. Water use and consumption data were collected through telephone interviews with 2297 pregnant women from three geographical sites in the southern United States. The data were analyzed according to demographic, health, and behavioral variables expected to be predictors of water use and thus potential confounding factors relating water use to pregnancy outcome. The candidate predictors were evaluated using backward elimination in regression models. Demographic variables tended to be more strongly predictive of the use and consumption of water than health and behavior-related factors. Non-Hispanic white women drank 0.4 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.2; 0.7) liters more cold tap water per day than Hispanic women and 0.3 ( 95% CI 0.1; 0.4) liters more than non-Hispanic black women. Non-Hispanic white women also reported drinking a higher proportion of filtered tap water, whereas Hispanic women replaced more oft heir tap water with bottled water. Lower socioeconomic groups reported spending a longer time showering and bathing, but were less likely to use swimming pools. The results oft his study should help researchers to anticipate and better control for confounding and misclassification in studies of exposure to DBPs and pregnancy outcomes.