Discovery of Chile Niño/Niña
Discovery of Chile Niño/Niña
复制标题
智利尼诺/尼娜的发现
DOI：
10.1029/2019gl086468
复制
发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
T. Yamagata
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jiaqing Xue;Jing‐Jia Luo;C. Yuan;T. Yamagata
在智利北方沿海发现了一个新的海气耦合模态，命名为智利厄尔尼诺/厄尔尼诺。海表温度（SST）的年际变化显著，其峰值出现在1 ~ 3月的南半球夏季。相关的暖（冷）SST异常主要是由沿海岸向南（北）的异常表面风产生的，这些风抑制（增强）了沿岸上升流和次表层混合，并通过加热（冷却）上覆大气和加强跨海岸气压的异常对比而加强了风异常。正反馈被称为沿海Bjerknes反馈，类似于赤道Bjerknes反馈，它是厄尔尼诺-南方涛动的产生原因。通过SST-低层云热力反馈的异常地面短波辐射和混合层深度的变化对智利厄尔尼诺（Niña）的演变起着积极的作用。相比之下，风-蒸发-SST反馈在演变中几乎没有作用。
A new air‐sea coupled mode is discovered off the coast of northern Chile and named Chile Niño/Niña. It shows remarkable interannual variability in sea surface temperature (SST) with the peak in austral summer from January to March. The related warm (cold) SST anomalies are mainly generated by anomalous southward (northward) alongshore surface winds that suppress (enhance) the coastal upwelling and subsurface mixing and, in turn, reinforce the wind anomalies by heating (cooling) the overlying atmosphere and strengthening the anomalous cross‐shore pressure contrast. The positive feedback is called the coastal Bjerknes feedback in analogy to the equatorial Bjerknes feedback that is responsible for generation of El Niño–Southern Oscillation. The anomalous surface shortwave radiation through the SST‐low stratus cloud thermodynamic feedback and the variation in the mixed‐layer depth play positive roles in the evolution of Chile Niño (Niña). In contrast, the wind‐evaporation‐SST feedback plays almost no role in the evolution.