HAND AND SEX-DIFFERENCES IN THE ISTHMUS AND GENU OF THE HUMAN CORPUS-CALLOSUM - A POSTMORTEM MORPHOLOGICAL-STUDY
HAND AND SEX-DIFFERENCES IN THE ISTHMUS AND GENU OF THE HUMAN CORPUS-CALLOSUM - A POSTMORTEM MORPHOLOGICAL-STUDY
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DOI：
10.1093/brain/112.3.799
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发表时间：
1989-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
14.5
通讯作者：
WITELSON, SF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
WITELSON, SF
对生前进行神经心理测试的人的尸检获得的50个大脑样本进行了完整的、分七个部分的测量，测量了穹隆中部的矢状面面积。12个项目的手偏好测试被用作大脑半球间功能不对称模式的指标。分析了两个因素：手的偏好，分类为一致右手偏好(CRH)和非一致右手偏好，以及性别。NCRH组(n=18)的总骨痂面积较大，最大的差异出现在后体节段，尤其是峡部。峡部可能包括来自后顶叶和上颞叶皮质的半球间纤维，这些纤维涉及与功能不对称有关的皮质区。作为功能不对称的可能底物的一部分，以及由于早期大脑发育中轴突消除的差异，我们讨论了膝盖骨形态的变化。在骨痂解剖的几个方面发现了性别差异。(1)后半身不同手型的差异表现为性别的交互作用：男性(n=15)的惯用手是影响骨痂大小的一个因素，而女性(n=35)则不是。这一结果与一般的假设是一致的，即女性没有男性那么明显的偏侧化。(2)无论是绝对大小还是与脑重量成正比的大小，女性都没有更大的总痂或更大的压部。考虑后一种测量方法，因为结肠面积与大脑重量相关(r=0.48)。相反，与CRH男性相比，两组女性都被发现有更大的比例峡部。(3)男性和女性中，只有膝部和部分前体的绝对大小大于男性。(4)男性的骨痂大小随年龄增长而减小，而女性则不随年龄增长而减小。
The midsagittal area of the corpus callosum was measured in its entirety and in seven subdivisions in a sample of 50 brains consecutively obtained from autopsies of individuals who had neuropsychological testing before death. A 12-item test of hand preference was used as an index of the pattern of interhemispheric functional asymmetry. Callosal size was analysed for two factors: hand preference, classified as consistent-right-hand preference (CRH) versus non consistent-right-hand preference, and sex. The group of nCRH (n = 18) was found to have a larger overall callosal area, with the greatest difference occurring in the posterior body segments, especially the isthmus. The isthmus probably includes interhemispheric fibres from posterior parietal and superior temporal cortex which involves cortical regions related to functional asymmetry. The results of variation in callosal morphology are discussed as part of a possible substrate of functional asymmetry and due to variation in axonal elimination in early brain development. Sex differences were found in several aspects of callosal anatomy. (1) The difference between hand groups in the posterior body occurred in interaction with sex: handedness was a factor in callosal size in males (n = 15), but not in females (n = 35). This result is consistent with the general hypothesis of females having less clear lateralization than males. (2) Females did not have a larger overall callosum or a larger splenium, either in absolute size or size proportional to brain weight. The latter measure was considered since collosal area correlated with cerebrum weight (r = 0.48). In contrast, females of both hand groups were found to have a larger proportional isthmus compared to CRH males. (3) Of all callosal regions, only the genu and a part of the anterior body were found to be larger in absolute size in males and females. (4) Callosal size decreased with chronological age in males, but not in females.