Alcohol abuse, the alveolar macrophage and pneumonia.
Alcohol abuse, the alveolar macrophage and pneumonia.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1097/maj.0b013e31823ede77
复制
发表时间：
2012-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Guidot DM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mehta AJ;Guidot DM
几千年来，酒精的使用和滥用一直是人类文化的一部分。在现代医学时代，人们理所当然地将大量注意力集中在阐明酒精成瘾的心理和生理机制上。然而，与酒精有关的发病率和死亡率中，有很大一部分(如果不是大多数)发生在不符合酒精使用障碍的正式诊断标准的个人身上。例如，慢性酒精摄入的许多严重医疗后果可能发生在没有酒精依赖迹象或症状的个人身上。现在有明确的证据表明，即使是在其他方面看起来很健康的人中，长期过量饮酒的人肺泡巨噬细胞免疫能力也受到了损害，因此，这些人患肺炎的风险大大增加。这篇简短的综述总结了这种现象背后的一些关键机制，并提出了一种假设方案，即酒精干扰肺泡腔内锌的生物利用率，从而抑制巨噬细胞的功能。
Alcohol use, and misuse, has been a part of human culture for thousands of years. In the modern medical era a great deal of attention has been justifiably focused on elucidating the mechanisms underlying the psychological and biological addiction to alcohol. However, a significant percentage, if not the majority, of alcohol-related morbidity and mortality occurs in individuals who do not meet the formal diagnostic criteria for alcohol use disorders. For example, many serious medical consequences of chronic alcohol ingestion can occur in individuals who do not have signs or symptoms of alcohol dependence. There is now clear evidence that even in otherwise healthy-appearing individuals who chronically consume excessive amounts of alcohol that alveolar macrophage immune capacity is impaired and, as a consequence, these individuals are at significantly increased risk of pneumonia. This brief review summarizes some of the key mechanisms underlying this phenomenon and proposes a hypothetical scheme by which alcohol interferes with zinc bioavailability within the alveolar space and thereby dampens macrophage function.