Growth, yield and quality of spring tomato and physicochemical properties of medium in a tomato/garlic intercropping system under plastic tunnel organic medium cultivation
Growth, yield and quality of spring tomato and physicochemical properties of medium in a tomato/garlic intercropping system under plastic tunnel organic medium cultivation
复制标题
塑料大棚有机基质栽培番茄/大蒜间作春番茄生长、产量、品质及培养基理化特性
DOI：
10.1016/j.scienta.2014.02.039
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发表时间：
2014-05-07
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Zhao, Huiling
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu, Tongjin;Cheng, Zhihui;Zhao, Huiling
番茄连作给我国大棚番茄栽培带来了诸多问题，番茄与大蒜间作可有效解决这些问题。以番茄/大蒜间作和单作为对照，研究了2011-2012年塑料大棚有机基质栽培条件下基质理化特性以及春番茄生长、产量和品质的差异。结果表明，间作基质的pH值高于单作基质，EC值低于单作基质。间作基质碱解物含量在整个番茄生育期内变化不明显，但速效磷和速效钾含量不断降低。间作基质中碱性磷酸酶和纤维素酶活性较高，脲酶活性较低。番茄移栽前，间作基质中蔗糖酶活性显著低于单作基质，但在番茄座果期，两者差异不显著。在大蒜收获后，间作基质中的微生物总数在短期内有所下降，但在番茄坐果期恢复到单作（对照）的水平。与单作相比，间作增加了细菌和放线菌的数量，但减少了真菌的数量。间作大蒜对春番茄的生长有抑制作用，但这种抑制作用在大蒜收获后有所减弱。与单作相比，间作春番茄叶片叶绿素含量增加，光合速率降低。结果表明，间作处理的番茄果实品质在可滴定酸、维生素C和干物质含量方面均显著高于单作处理，而在固形物、可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量方面两种处理差异不显著。间作降低了春番茄的总产量，但产生了较高的净收入比单作。可见，番茄与大蒜间作可提高基质中微生物数量和酶活性，从而减少番茄连续生产的障碍。(C)2014爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Continuous cropping poses a number of issues to tomato cultivation under plastic tunnels in China, and the intercropping of garlic with tomato may help to solve these problems. In this study, we compared tomato/garlic intercropping with tomato monoculture and investigated the differences in the physicochemical properties of the medium, as well as the growth, yield and quality of spring tomato, under plastic tunnel organic medium cultivation during the year 2011-2012. The results showed that the pH value was higher and the EC value was lower in the intercropping medium than in the monoculture medium. The alkaline hydrolysis content of the intercropping medium did not change significantly over the tomato growth period, but available phosphorus and available potassium were both reduced continuously. The alkaline phosphatase and cellulase activities were both higher in the intercropping medium, while urease activity was lower. The invertase activity in the intercropping medium was significantly lower than in the monoculture medium before tomato transplanting but showed a nonsignificant difference at the fruit set stage of the tomato. The total microorganism population decreased for a short period after the garlic harvest in the intercropping medium but recovered to the level of the monoculture (control) at fruit set stage of the tomato. Intercropping increased the bacterial and actinomycetous populations but decreased fungal population in comparison to monoculture. The intercropped garlic inhibited the growth of the spring tomato, but this inhibition decreased after the garlic harvest. The chlorophyll contents in the leaves were increased, but the photosynthetic rate was decreased, for the intercropping spring tomato compared to the monoculture tomato. The tomato fruit quality, in terms of the titratable acid, vitamin C and dry matter contents, was significantly higher in the intercropping system, while the solid matter, soluble protein and soluble sugar contents did not differ significantly between the two methods. Intercropping reduced the total spring tomato yield but produced a higher net income than did monoculture. In conclusion, intercropping garlic with tomato can improve both the microorganism populations and the enzyme activity of the medium, which together reduce the obstacles of continuous tomato production. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.