Exercise Training and Functional Connectivity Changes in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Healthy Elders.
Exercise Training and Functional Connectivity Changes in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Healthy Elders.
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轻度认知障碍和健康长老的运动训练和功能连通性变化。
DOI：
10.3233/jad-161151
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Smith JC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chirles TJ;Reiter K;Weiss LR;Alfini AJ;Nielson KA;Smith JC
需要有效的干预措施来改善轻度认知障碍（MCI）（阿尔茨海默病（AD）的早期阶段）的大脑功能。后扣带皮层 (PCC)/楔前叶是默认模式网络 (DMN) 的枢纽，在 MCI 和 AD 中最容易受到功能连接中断的影响。我们研究了 12 周的有氧运动是否可以增强 MCI 和健康老年人 PCC/楔前叶的功能连接。 16 名 MCI 和 16 名健康老年人（年龄范围 = 60-88）参与了为期 12 周的步行锻炼干预。功能性 MRI (fMRI) 是在休息时获得的； PCC/楔前叶被用作相关大脑活动图的种子。线性混合效应模型揭示了右顶叶的显着相互作用：MCI 组的连接性增加，而健康老年人的连接性降低。此外，两组均显示出与左中央后回的连接性增强。比较各组干预前后的变化，MCI 组显示额叶、顶叶、颞叶、岛叶和小脑的 10 个区域的连接性增强。健康的老年人没有表现出任何显着的连接变化。观察结果显示，经过 12 周的中等强度步行运动训练后，MCI 患者 PCC/楔前叶的功能连接性增强。运动训练对认知的保护作用可能是通过增强神经募集机制来实现的，这可能会增加认知储备。运动训练的这些作用是否可以延缓 MCI 患者认知能力的进一步下降仍有待证明。
Effective interventions are needed to improve brain function in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), an early stage of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The posterior cingulate cortex (PCC)/precuneus is a hub of the Default Mode Network (DMN) and is preferentially vulnerable to disruption of functional connectivity in MCI and AD. We investigated whether 12 weeks of aerobic exercise could enhance functional connectivity of the PCC/precuneus in MCI and healthy elders. Sixteen MCI and 16 healthy elders (age range = 60–88) engaged in a supervised 12-week walking exercise intervention. Functional MRI (fMRI) was acquired at rest; the PCC/precuneus was used as a seed for correlated brain activity maps. A linear mixed effects model revealed a significant interaction in the right parietal lobe: the MCI group showed increased connectivity while the healthy elders showed decreased connectivity. In addition, both groups showed increased connectivity with the left postcentral gyrus. Comparing pre to post intervention changes within each group, the MCI group showed increased connectivity in 10 regions spanning frontal, parietal, temporal and insular lobes and the cerebellum. Healthy elders did not demonstrate any significant connectivity changes. The observed results show increased functional connectivity of the PCC/precuneus in individuals with MCI after 12 weeks of moderate intensity walking exercise training. The protective effects of exercise training on cognition may be realized through the enhancement of neural recruitment mechanisms, which may possibly increase cognitive reserve. Whether these effects of exercise training may delay further cognitive decline in patients diagnosed with MCI remains to be demonstrated.