From ships to robots: The social relations of sensing the world ocean
From ships to robots: The social relations of sensing the world ocean
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DOI：
10.1177/0306312717743579
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发表时间：
2018-02
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Jessica Lehman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jessica Lehman
物理海洋学的主要做法最近已从基于船舶的海洋取样和探测转向基于利用卫星、漂流浮标和遥控自动潜水器进行遥感和机器人探测。这种变化对海洋科学的社会关系有什么影响？本文有助于努力解决这个问题，追求海洋传感技术的情景视图，以便上下文和分析海洋的新表示，以及科学家个人，技术和海洋之间的相互作用。通过对海洋学的广泛观点，通过50年的转变，从船基遥感和机器人传感，我显示的方式，新技术可能提供一个机会，打击什么Oreskes所谓的“科学英雄主义的意识形态”。特别是，新的传感关系可能会强调女性和来自资金不足的机构的科学家的贡献，以及海洋学知识总是片面的，并依赖于非人类动物，技术和不同人类之间的相互作用。因此，我认为，远程和机器人传感技术并不简单地创建科学家和海洋之间的关系更抽象，但也可能提供机会，更公平的科学实践和重新配置的传感关系。
The dominant practices of physical oceanography have recently shifted from being based on ship-based ocean sampling and sensing to being based on remote and robotic sensing using satellites, drifting floats and remotely operated and autonomous underwater vehicles. What are the implications of this change for the social relations of oceanographic science? This paper contributes to efforts to address this question, pursuing a situated view of ocean sensing technologies so as to contextualize and analyze new representations of the sea, and interactions between individual scientists, technologies and the ocean. By taking a broad view on oceanography through a 50-year shift from ship-based to remote and robotic sensing, I show the ways in which new technologies may provide an opportunity to fight what Oreskes has called ‘ideologies of scientific heroism’. In particular, new sensing relations may emphasize the contributions of women and scientists from less well-funded institutions, as well as the ways in which oceanographic knowledge is always partial and dependent on interactions between nonhuman animals, technologies, and different humans. Thus, I argue that remote and robotic sensing technologies do not simply create more abstracted relations between scientists and the sea, but also may provide opportunities for more equitable scientific practice and refigured sensing relations.