Rapid Formation of Robust Auditory Memories: Insights from Noise
Rapid Formation of Robust Auditory Memories: Insights from Noise
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuron.2010.04.014
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发表时间：
2010-05-27
期刊：
影响因子：
16.2
通讯作者：
Pressnitzer, Daniel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Agus, Trevor R.;Thorpe, Simon J.;Pressnitzer, Daniel
在可以识别自然声音之前，必须通过经验学习其来源的听觉特征。在这里，我们使用随机波形来探索任意复杂声音的新记忆的形成。设计了一种行为测量方法，基于检测到长达4个S的噪声中的重复。在听者不知道的情况下，一些噪音样本在整个实验区随机重复出现。结果表明，反复暴露会诱导学习其他完全不可预测和毫无意义的声音。这种学习是无监督的，对其他与任务相关的噪音的干扰也很有弹性。当记忆形成时，它们很快就会出现，表演突然变得近乎完美，多种噪音被记住了几个星期。回忆可以容忍的声学转换表明，学习到的特征在时间上是局部的。我们认为，快速感觉可塑性可以解释听觉大脑如何从不断变化但有时重复的听觉世界中创造有用的记忆。
Before a natural sound can be recognized, an auditory signature of its source must be learned through experience. Here we used random waveforms to probe the formation of new memories for arbitrary complex sounds. A behavioral measure was designed, based on the detection of repetitions embedded in noises up to 4 s long. Unbeknownst to listeners, some noise samples reoccurred randomly throughout an experimental block. Results showed that repeated exposure induced learning for otherwise totally unpredictable and meaningless sounds. The learning was unsupervised and resilient to interference from other task-relevant noises. When memories were formed, they emerged rapidly, performance became abruptly near-perfect, and multiple noises were remembered for several weeks. The acoustic transformations to which recall was tolerant suggest that the learned features were local in time. We propose that rapid sensory plasticity could explain how the auditory brain creates useful memories from the ever-changing, but sometimes repeating, acoustical world.