How cognitive and reactive fear circuits optimize escape decisions in humans
How cognitive and reactive fear circuits optimize escape decisions in humans
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1712314115
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发表时间：
2018-03-20
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Mobbs, Dean
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Qi, Song;Hassabis, Demis;Mobbs, Dean
飞行起始距离（FID）是生物体逃离接近威胁的距离，是逃逸决策成本效益函数的生态学度量。我们采用FID范式来研究快速或缓慢攻击的“虚拟捕食者”如何约束逃跑决策。我们发现，快速逃生的决定依赖于“反应性恐惧”电路在导水管周围灰质和中扣带皮层（MCC），而持久的逃生决定，由较大的缓冲区定义，与“认知恐惧”电路，其中包括后扣带皮层，海马，和腹内侧前额叶皮层，涉及更复杂的信息处理，认知回避策略和行为灵活性的电路。使用贝叶斯决策模型，我们进一步表明，快速飞行下的逃生决策的优化本地化的MCC，一个区域参与自适应运动控制，而海马是有牵连的优化决策，更新和控制较慢的逃生启动。这些结果表明，防御性生存回路和它们在适应性逃避决策中的作用之间存在着一种未被探索的联系。
Flight initiation distance (FID), the distance at which an organism flees from an approaching threat, is an ecological metric of cost-benefit functions of escape decisions. We adapted the FID paradigm to investigate how fast-or slow-attacking "virtual predators" constrain escape decisions. We show that rapid escape decisions rely on "reactive fear" circuits in the periaqueductal gray and midcingulate cortex (MCC), while protracted escape decisions, defined by larger buffer zones, were associated with "cognitive fear" circuits, which include posterior cingulate cortex, hippocampus, and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, circuits implicated in more complex information processing, cognitive avoidance strategies, and behavioral flexibility. Using a Bayesian decision-making model, we further show that optimization of escape decisions under rapid flight were localized to the MCC, a region involved in adaptive motor control, while the hippocampus is implicated in optimizing decisions that update and control slower escape initiation. These results demonstrate an unexplored link between defensive survival circuits and their role in adaptive escape decisions.