Phenolic Acids Released in Maize Rhizosphere During Maize-Soybean Intercropping Inhibit Phytophthora Blight of Soybean
Phenolic Acids Released in Maize Rhizosphere During Maize-Soybean Intercropping Inhibit Phytophthora Blight of Soybean
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DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2020.00886
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发表时间：
2020-07
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
He Zhang;Yuxin Yang;Xinyue Mei;Ying Li;Jiaqing Wu;Yiwen Li;Huiling Wang;Huichuan Huang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
He Zhang;Yuxin Yang;Xinyue Mei;Ying Li;Jiaqing Wu;Yiwen Li;Huiling Wang;Huichuan Huang
种间相互作用在间作系统抑制土传病害中起着关键作用。然而，关于土传疫霉病害抑制的潜在机制的数据有限。田间试验证实了玉米大豆间作对大豆疫霉疫病的影响。玉米根和根分泌物对大豆疫霉游动孢子有吸引作用，但对游动孢子的运动和胞孢子的萌发有抑制作用。此外，在玉米根系分泌物和根际土壤中发现5种酚酸（对香豆酸、肉桂酸、对羟基苯甲酸、香草酸和阿魏酸）对大豆疫霉的侵染行为有干扰作用。其中，肉桂酸在游动孢子中具有明显的趋化作用，对香豆酸和肉桂酸对大豆疫霉具有较强的抗菌活性。然而，在大豆根际土壤中，只有对羟基苯甲酸，香草酸和阿魏酸的低浓度被确定。重要的是，与大豆根际中的3种酚酸相比，玉米根际中5种酚酸的共存对大豆疫霉的侵染行为表现出较强的协同抗菌活性。综上所述，玉米和大豆根际土壤中酚酸类物质的种类和浓度是影响间作系统中大豆疫霉病害抑制的关键因素。
Interspecies interactions play a key role in soil-borne disease suppression in intercropping systems. However, there are limited data on the underlying mechanisms of soil-borne Phytophthora disease suppression. Here, a field experiment confirmed the effects of maize and soybean intercropping on Phytophthora blight of soybean caused by Phytophthora sojae. Experimentally, the roots and root exudates of maize were found to attract P. sojae zoospores and inhibit their motility and the germination of cystospores. Furthermore, five phenolic acids (p-coumaric acid, cinnamic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, and ferulic acid) that were consistently identified in the root exudates and rhizosphere soil of maize were found to interfere with the infection behavior of P. sojae. Among them, cinnamic acid was associated with significant chemotaxis in zoospores, and p-coumaric acid and cinnamic acid showed strong antimicrobial activity against P. sojae. However, in the rhizosphere soil of soybean, only p-hydroxybenzoic acid, low concentrations of vanillic acid, and ferulic acid were identified. Importantly, the coexistence of five phenolic acids in the maize rhizosphere compared with three phenolic acids in the soybean rhizosphere showed strong synergistic antimicrobial activity against the infection behavior of P. sojae. In summary, the types and concentrations of phenolic acids in maize and soybean rhizosphere soils were found to be crucial factors for Phytophthora disease suppression in this intercropping system.