The genetics and epigenetics of animal migration and orientation: birds, butterflies and beyond
The genetics and epigenetics of animal migration and orientation: birds, butterflies and beyond
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DOI：
10.1242/jeb.191890
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发表时间：
2019-02
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Christine Merlin;M. Liedvogel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Christine Merlin;M. Liedvogel
摘要迁移是一种复杂的生存行为适应，从无脊椎动物到哺乳动物，动物界都有这种行为适应。在某些类群中，密切相关的迁徙物种，甚至同一物种的种群，表现出不同的迁徙表型，包括迁徙的时间和方向。在这些物种中，迁徙性状的表型变异的很大一部分是遗传的。在其他情况下，迁移表型和方向是由环境的季节性变化触发的，这表明它们的迁移受到表观遗传控制。构成迁徙行为基础的基因和表观遗传变化基本上仍不为人所知。（外显）基因组学和功能基因组学工具的革命为快速推进迁移遗传学领域的发展提供了巨大的希望。在这里，我们回顾了我们目前的理解迁移性状的遗传和表观遗传结构，重点是两个新兴的模式：欧洲黑顶和北美帝王蝶。我们还概述了如何利用技术进步和综合方法来识别和功能验证候选基因和顺式调控元件对这些和其他迁徙物种跨越小和广泛的系统发育尺度显着推进动物迁徙遗传学领域的愿景。总结：这篇综述总结了我们对动物迁徙的遗传学和表观遗传学的理解，并概述了利用技术进步和比较方法推动该领域向前发展的愿景。
ABSTRACT Migration is a complex behavioural adaptation for survival that has evolved across the animal kingdom from invertebrates to mammals. In some taxa, closely related migratory species, or even populations of the same species, exhibit different migratory phenotypes, including timing and orientation of migration. In these species, a significant proportion of the phenotypic variance in migratory traits is genetic. In others, the migratory phenotype and direction is triggered by seasonal changes in the environment, suggesting an epigenetic control of their migration. The genes and epigenetic changes underpinning migratory behaviour remain largely unknown. The revolution in (epi)genomics and functional genomic tools holds great promise to rapidly move the field of migration genetics forward. Here, we review our current understanding of the genetic and epigenetic architecture of migratory traits, focusing on two emerging models: the European blackcap and the North American monarch butterfly. We also outline a vision of how technical advances and integrative approaches could be employed to identify and functionally validate candidate genes and cis-regulatory elements on these and other migratory species across both small and broad phylogenetic scales to significantly advance the field of genetics of animal migration. Summary: This Review summarizes our understanding of the genetics and epigenetics of animal migration and outlines a vision to harness both technical advances and comparative approaches to move the field forward.