Jupiter’s Great Red Spot: Strong Interactions With Incoming Anticyclones in 2019
Jupiter’s Great Red Spot: Strong Interactions With Incoming Anticyclones in 2019
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木星大红斑：与 2019 年即将到来的反气旋的强烈相互作用
DOI：
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
G. Eichstädt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Sánchez‐Lavega;A. Anguiano‐Arteaga;P. Iñurrigarro;E. García‐Melendo;J. Legarreta;R. Hueso;J. F. Sanz‐Requena;S. Pérez;I. Mendikoa;M. Soria;J. F. Rojas;M. Andrés;A. Prat;I. Ordoñez‐Extebarria;J. Rogers;C. Foster;S. Mizumoto;A. Casely;C. Hansen;G. Orton;T. Momary;G. Eichstädt
木星大红斑(GRS)是一个巨大的反气旋，是行星大气中观察到的所有涡旋中最大、寿命最长的。在其历史上，自1879年以来，GRS已经缩小到一半大小，并遇到了许多较小的反气旋和其他以复杂方式相互作用的动力学特征。2018-2020年，虽然面积在历史上很小，但它的结构甚至生存似乎受到了威胁，因为一系列从东部移动的反气旋撕裂了红色区域的大片碎片，并扭曲了它的形状。在这项工作中，我们报道了对这些相互作用动力学的观测，结果表明，GRS增加了它的内部自转速度，保持了它的涡度，但减少了它的可见区域，并经历了它原本稳定的90天经度振荡的瞬时变化。从辐射传输分析和动力学的数值模拟中，我们发现相互作用影响了GRS的上层云顶。我们认为，GRS的强烈涡度，加上它比相互作用的涡旋更大的大小和深度，保证了它的长寿命。
Jupiter’s Great Red Spot (GRS), a giant anticyclone, is the largest and longest‐lived of all the vortices observed in planetary atmospheres. During its history, the GRS has shrunk to half its size since 1879, and encountered many smaller anticyclones and other dynamical features that interacted in a complex way. In 2018–2020, while having a historically small size, its structure and even its survival appeared to be threatened when a series of anticyclones moving in from the east tore off large fragments of the red area and distorted its shape. In this work, we report observations of the dynamics of these interactions and show that as a result the GRS increased its internal rotation velocity, maintaining its vorticity but decreasing its visible area, and suffering a transient change in its otherwise steady 90‐day oscillation in longitude. From a radiative transfer analysis and numerical simulations of the dynamics we show that the interactions affected the upper cloud tops of the GRS. We argue that the intense vorticity of the GRS, together with its larger size and depth compared to the interacting vortices, guarantees its long lifetime.