Breastfeeding Support in Child Care: An International Comparison of Findings from Australia and the United States
Breastfeeding Support in Child Care: An International Comparison of Findings from Australia and the United States
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DOI：
10.1089/bfm.2011.0032
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发表时间：
2012-06-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
McIntyre, Ellen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cameron, Barbara;Javanparast, Sara;McIntyre, Ellen
简介：工业化国家的许多妇女在孩子还是婴儿时就重返工作岗位。这通常与母乳喂养持续时间或纯母乳喂养时间缩短有关。为了更好地了解儿童保育环境中的母乳喂养支持活动，在婴儿死亡率、母乳喂养和母乳喂养支持水平差异很大的环境中进行了研究：澳大利亚阿德莱德和北卡罗来纳州韦克县。研究人员合作探索、对比和比较他们的基线数据。方法：对两种环境下母乳喂养率和婴儿死亡率的现有数据进行了探索。此外，还探讨了两个儿童保育数据集的常见问题，并进行了描述性分析和 chi(2) 分析。 结果：澳大利亚和美国儿童保育机构提供者的回答之间存在相似之处。阿德莱德和威克县拥有至少一名母乳喂养婴儿（70.6% vs. 66.3%）、母乳喂养场所（90.7% vs. 95%）和冰箱储存（100% vs. 100%）的比率分别相似。阿德莱德的定性数据也反映了威克县的数据，因为这两种情况下的提供者都没有积极提倡母乳喂养。然而，阿德莱德的数据反映了显着更高的鼓励率（95.3% vs. 21.7%）、书面政策（77.8% vs. 20.8%）、资源/材料分配（76.6% vs. 1% 和 93.8% vs. 17%）和培训（44.4% vs. 13.9%）。 结论： 儿童保育实践可能反映了支持或缺乏支持的环境。全社会都提倡母乳喂养。这些环境中的相似点和差异可能反映了官方指导以及母乳喂养环境。美国还有很多工作要做，才能在儿童保育和其他项目中达到与澳大利亚相同水平的母乳喂养支持水平。
Introduction: Many women in industrialized countries return to work while their children are infants. This is often associated with decreased breastfeeding duration or exclusivity. In order to better understand the breastfeeding support activities in childcare settings, studies were undertaken in settings with very different levels of infant mortality, breastfeeding, and breastfeeding support: Adelaide, Australia, and Wake County, North Carolina. The researchers collaborated to explore, contrast, and compare their baseline data.Methods: Available data on breastfeeding rates and infant mortality rates were explored for the two settings. In addition, the two childcare datasets were explored for common questions, and descriptive and chi(2) analyses were carried out.Results: Similarities were found between the response from childcare settings providers in Australia and the United States. Rates of having at least one breastfeeding infant (70.6% vs. 66.3%), a place to breastfeed (90.7% vs. 95%), and a refrigerator for storage (100% vs. 100%) were similar for Adelaide and Wake County, respectively. Qualitative data from Adelaide also mirrored Wake County data in that providers in neither setting were actively promoting breastfeeding. However, the Adelaide data reflected significantly higher rates of encouragement (95.3% vs. 21.7%), written policy (77.8% vs. 20.8%), resource/materials distribution (76.6% vs. 1% and 93.8% vs. 17%), and training (44.4% vs. 13.9%).Conclusions: Childcare practices may reflect the environment of support, or lack thereof, for breastfeeding in the society as a whole. The similarities and differences seen in these settings may reflect both official guidance as well as the breastfeeding environment. There is much work to be done in the United States to come up to the same level of support for breastfeeding in child care and in other programs as is seen in Australia.