Open Access Renewable Resources, Urban Unemployment, and the Resolution of Dual Institutional Failures
Open Access Renewable Resources, Urban Unemployment, and the Resolution of Dual Institutional Failures
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开放获取可再生资源、城市失业和双重制度失灵的解决
DOI：
10.1017/s1355770x21000334
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Ichiroh Daitoh and Nori Tarui
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hamada Kojun;Kaneko Akihiko;Yanagihara Mitsuyoshi;Takuya Nakaizumi;除本理史;Ichiroh Daitoh and Nori Tarui
本文探讨了如何减少贫困和保护自然资源，可以同时实现在一个小的开放的二元经济与城市工资刚性，开放获取农村资源，农村-城市移民。提高农村资源产品的出口税率，在短期和长期内都会增加城市失业率，这与资源动态有关。考虑到制度失灵，最佳政策是城市工资补贴与较低比例的农村工资补贴相结合，或者如果城市产出价格足够高，则与农村税收相结合。当制度失灵可以内生解决时，增加资源品的出口税可以诱导农村制度变迁远离开放获取。然而，对城市制造业的关税保护阻碍了这种农村制度变迁。
This paper investigates how poverty reduction and natural resource preservation can be simultaneously achieved in a small open dual economy with urban wage rigidity, open access rural resources, and rural-urban migration. An increase in the export tax rate on the rural resource good increases urban unemployment in both the short run and the long run with resource dynamics. Given the institutional failures, the first-best policy is an urban wage subsidy combined with either a rural wage subsidy at a lower rate or, if the urban output price is sufficiently high, a rural tax. When the institutional failures can be resolved endogenously, an increase in the export tax on the resource good can induce rural institutional change away from open access. However, tariff protection of urban manufacturing hinders such a rural institutional change.