Technoeconomic evaluation of IGCC power plants for CO2 avoidance
Technoeconomic evaluation of IGCC power plants for CO2 avoidance
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DOI：
10.1016/j.enconman.2005.11.020
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发表时间：
2006-09
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
G. Ordorica-garcia;P. Douglas;E. Croiset;Ligang Zheng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Ordorica-garcia;P. Douglas;E. Croiset;Ligang Zheng
下个世纪内不断增长的电力需求意味着现有发电厂的规模将扩大。实现上述目标，再加上需要大幅减少温室气体(GHG)排放，是一项具有挑战性的任务。更清洁、更高效的化石燃料发电厂设计，与二氧化碳捕获技术相结合，构成了在中短期内应对这一挑战的一个有吸引力的选择。整体煤气化联合循环(IGCC)电厂是燃煤电厂中二氧化碳排放量最低的电厂。当与二氧化碳物理吸收系统相结合时，可以实现温室气体排放的大幅减少。根据捕获程度的不同，排放量可能与天然气联合循环(NGCC)发电厂的排放量相当，也可能低于天然气联合循环发电厂的排放量。本文对5种电站设计在500 MW出力范围内的性能进行了技术经济比较：无CO2捕集的IGCC、80%捕集的IGCC、相当于NGCC的CO2排放量的IGCC、CO2和H_2S共捕集的IGCC和无捕集的NGCC。开发了上述电厂的Aspen Plus™模型，并讨论了以下电厂的性能结果：净发电量、效率、工厂辅助能源需求和总二氧化碳排放量。给出了所有案例的经济评价，包括成本方法和经济学基础。对所有电厂的资本投资、电力成本和二氧化碳减排成本进行了详细的比较。模拟结果表明，在新的IGCC电厂中，经济性有利于更高的捕集水平。80%捕获量的IGCC工厂对应的二氧化碳减排成本略低于排放量与NGCC工厂相同的IGCC工厂对应的二氧化碳减排成本(28美元/吨，避免二氧化碳排放30美元/吨)。上述电厂之间的资本成本差异(每千瓦净装机容量)为7%，而前者的二氧化碳排放量几乎是后者的一半。与单独捕集二氧化碳和硫化氢的IGCC相比，联合捕集CO2和H2S的IGCC电厂具有显著的技术经济优势。以577 MW IGCC为例，共捕情况下功率输出仅为552 MW，而CO2和H2S单独捕集时功率输出降至488 MW。与没有捕获的IGCC相比，联合捕获电厂的增量资本成本为6%，其电力生产成本增加不到0.5美分。联合捕集装置的二氧化碳减排成本至少比单独捕集二氧化碳和硫化氢的同类装置低四倍。
Growing electricity demands within the next century imply an expansion in the current power plant fleet. The achievement of the above, coupled with the need for significant reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is a challenging task. Cleaner, more efficient fossil fuel based power plant designs, combined with CO2capture technologies constitute an attractive option to meet this challenge in the near to medium term. Integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) power plants have the lowest carbon dioxide emissions among coal power plants. When combined with a CO2physical absorption system, substantial GHG emissions reductions can be attained. Depending on the degree of capture, the emissions can match or become less than those of natural gas fired combined cycle (NGCC) power plants. This paper is a technical and economic comparison of the performance of five plant designs in the 500MW output range: IGCC without CO2capture, IGCC with 80% capture, IGCC with CO2emissions equal to those of a NGCC, IGCC with CO2and H2S co-capture, and NGCC without capture. ASPEN Plus™ models of the above plants were developed and the following plant performance results are discussed: net power output, efficiency, plant ancillary energy requirements and overall CO2emissions. Economic evaluations for all cases are presented, including the cost methodology and economic basis. The capital investment, cost of electricity and carbon dioxide mitigation costs for all plants are detailed and compared. The simulation results show that the economics favour higher capture levels in new IGCC plants. The CO2mitigation costs corresponding to IGCC plants with 80% capture are slightly lower than those corresponding to IGCC plants with equal emissions to those of NGCC plants (28 vs. 30 US$/tonne CO2avoided). The capital cost difference (per kW of net installed capacity) between the above plants is 7%, while the CO2emissions of the former are almost half those of the latter. IGCC plants with CO2and H2S co-capture have substantial technoeconomic advantages over IGCC plants that capture CO2and H2S separately. Based on a 577MW IGCC, the power output decreases only to 552MW for the co-capture case, whereas it drops to 488MW when CO2and H2S are captured separately. The incremental capital cost of co-capture plants is 6%, and their electricity production cost increase is less than half a cent, with respect to an IGCC without capture. The CO2mitigation cost of co-capture plants is at least four times lower than their separate CO2and H2S capture counterparts.