Role of stealth lipids in nanomedicine-based drug carriers
Role of stealth lipids in nanomedicine-based drug carriers
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DOI：
10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2020.105036
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发表时间：
2021-01-23
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Dubey, Sunil Kumar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rastogi, Mehak;Saha, Ranendra Narayan;Dubey, Sunil Kumar
纳米医学领域拥有种类繁多的基于脂质的药物载体，以及每年进一步添加到该范围的新型纳米结构药物载体。任何新的基于脂质的纳米制剂的探索背后的主要目标是改善相关药物分子的治疗指数，沿着相关副作用的最小化。然而，为了维持这些静脉注射的类脂纳米药物向体内靶向组织和器官系统的持续递送，血流中更长的循环以及它们的稳定性是重要的。给药后，在识别为体内的外来实体后，这些系统被与单核吞噬细胞系统相关的细胞迅速清除。为了提供这些具有长循环特性的基于脂质的系统，诸如用惰性聚合物材料如聚乙二醇（PEG）涂覆类脂表面的技术有助于赋予这些纳米制剂“隐形特性”，以避免被免疫系统的巨噬细胞识别。在这篇综述中，详细的重要性是给亲水性PEG聚合物和PEG连接的脂质聚合物在纳米医学为基础的药物载体领域所发挥的作用。将讨论隐形脂质的典型结构和分类、临床效用、组装技术、物理化学表征以及含有PEG连接脂质的制剂的体内性能的控制因素。最终，将审议与聚乙二醇化治疗剂的使用相关的加速血液清除（ABC）现象的新概念。
The domain of nanomedicine owns a wide-ranging variety of lipid-based drug carriers, and novel nanostructured drug carriersthat are further added to this range every year. The primary goal behind the exploration of any new lipid-based nanoformulation is the improvement of the therapeutic index of the concerned drug molecule along with minimization in the associated side-effects. However, for maintaining a sustained delivery of these intravenously injected lipoidal nanomedicines to the targeted tissues and organ systems in the body, longer circulation in the bloodstream, as well as their stability, are important. After administration, upon recognition as foreign entities in the body, these systems are rapidly cleared by the cells associated with the mononuclear phagocyte system. In order to provide these lipid-based systems with long circulation characteristics, techniques such as coating of the lipoidal surface with an inert polymeric material like polyethylene glycol (PEG) assists in imparting 'stealth properties' to these nanoformulations for avoiding recognition by the macrophages of the immune system. In this review, detailed importance is given to the hydrophilic PEG polymer and the role played by PEG-linked lipid polymers in the field of nanomedicine-based drug carriers. The typical structure and classification of stealth lipids, clinical utility, assemblage techniques, physicochemical characterization, and factors governing the in-vivo performance of the PEG-linked lipids containing formulations will be discussed. Eventually, the novel concept of accelerated blood clearance (ABC) phenomenon associated with the use of PEGylated therapeutics will be deliberated.