The neural oscillations of speech processing and language comprehension: state of the art and emerging mechanisms
The neural oscillations of speech processing and language comprehension: state of the art and emerging mechanisms
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/ejn.13748
复制
发表时间：
2018-10-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Meyer, Lars
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Meyer, Lars
神经振荡在语音处理和语言理解中起着广泛的作用。一方面，语音包含以三个主要调幅频率发生的某种重复的气压脉冲串，物理上标记了音素、音节和语调短语边界在语言上有意义的进展。对于这些声学事件，同构工作频率的神经振荡被认为是同步的，推测导致神经兴奋周期与三个低水平语言描述水平上有语言意义的频谱信息的隐含时间对齐。另一方面，语音是编码高级语言意义的载体信号，如句法结构和语义信息，这些信息不能从刺激声学中读取，但必须在语言习得过程中获得并解码以用于语言理解。神经振荡有助于句法结构和语义信息的处理。在这里，我综合了从每个语言处理领域到一组独特的从属振荡机制的映射。鉴于在大脑皮层信息处理的不同子功能中归因于不同的振荡机制的作用，并且忠于潜在的电生理学，该映射是可信的。综上所述，本文对神经振荡在语音处理和语言理解中所起的作用机制提供了一个易于理解和广泛的回顾。
Neural oscillations subserve a broad range of functions in speech processing and language comprehension. On the one hand, speech containssomewhatrepetitive trains of air pressure bursts that occur at three dominant amplitude modulation frequencies, physically marking the linguistically meaningful progressions of phonemes, syllables and intonational phrase boundaries. To these acoustic events, neural oscillations of isomorphous operating frequencies are thought to synchronise, presumably resulting in an implicit temporal alignment of periods of neural excitability to linguistically meaningful spectral information on the three low-level linguistic description levels. On the other hand, speech is a carrier signal that codes for high-level linguistic meaning, such as syntactic structure and semantic informationwhich cannot be read from stimulus acoustics, but must be acquired during language acquisition and decoded for language comprehension. Neural oscillations subserve the processing of both syntactic structure and semantic information. Here, I synthesise a mapping from each linguistic processing domain to a unique set of subserving oscillatory mechanismsthe mapping is plausible given the role ascribed to different oscillatory mechanisms in different subfunctions of cortical information processing and faithful to the underlying electrophysiology. In sum, the present article provides an accessible and extensive review of the functional mechanisms that neural oscillations subserve in speech processing and language comprehension.