The role of sex hormones in immune protection of the female reproductive tract.
The role of sex hormones in immune protection of the female reproductive tract.
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DOI：
10.1038/nri3819
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发表时间：
2015-04
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Patel MV
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wira CR;Rodriguez-Garcia M;Patel MV
在人类女性生殖道（FRT）内，保护免受性传播感染（STI）的挑战与成功繁殖的需要相结合。在月经周期中分泌的雌二醇和孕酮影响FRT中的上皮细胞、成纤维细胞和免疫细胞，以改变它们的功能，从而以FRT中特定部位特有的方式改变个体对性传播感染的易感性。先天性和适应性免疫系统受激素控制，FRT中的免疫保护随月经周期的阶段而变化。免疫保护在周期的分泌期被抑制，以优化受精和怀孕的条件，这创造了一个“脆弱的窗口”，在此期间，潜在的病原体可以进入并感染FRT。
Within the human female reproductive tract (FRT), the challenge of protection against sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is coupled with the need to enable successful reproduction. Oestradiol and progesterone, which are secreted during the menstrual cycle, affect epithelial cells, fibroblasts and immune cells in the FRT to modify their functions and hence the individual’s susceptibility to STIs in ways that are unique to specific sites in the FRT. The innate and adaptive immune systems are under hormonal control, and immune protection in the FRT varies with the phase of the menstrual cycle. Immune protection is dampened during the secretory phase of the cycle to optimize conditions for fertilization and pregnancy, which creates a ‘window of vulnerability’ during which potential pathogens can enter and infect the FRT.