Intratumoral Photosensitizer Delivery and Photodynamic Therapy.
Intratumoral Photosensitizer Delivery and Photodynamic Therapy.
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DOI：
10.1142/s179398442130003x
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发表时间：
2021-06
期刊：
影响因子：
0.8
通讯作者：
Chenyang Ma;Jeffrey Yang;Jenna L. Mueller;Huang‐Chiao Huang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chenyang Ma;Jeffrey Yang;Jenna L. Mueller;Huang‐Chiao Huang
光动力疗法(PDT)是一个分两步进行的过程，涉及到给药特殊药物，通常称为光敏剂，然后应用特定波长的光。光激活这些光敏剂，产生活性分子物种，诱导组织中的细胞死亡。在选择适当的光敏剂给药途径时，有许多因素需要考虑，例如身体的哪个部位是靶点，光敏剂的药代动力学，以及光敏剂的配方。虽然光敏剂的静脉、局部和口服给药广泛应用于PDT的临床前和临床应用，但其他给药途径，如腹膜内、动脉内和肿瘤内注射，因其在治疗晚期疾病和减少靶外毒性方面的潜力而受到越来越多的关注。随着靶向纳米技术、生物材料和光传递系统的最新进展，靶向光敏剂传递的激动人心的可能性可以完全实现在临床前和临床应用中。此外，鉴于低收入和中等收入国家癌症死亡率负担日益加重，以及低成本光源和光敏剂的发展，光动力疗法可用于治疗低收入环境中的癌症患者。这篇简短的文章介绍了肿瘤内光敏剂注射和纳米生物材料在高收入和低收入环境下用于光动力治疗的界面，但由于篇幅有限，没有进行全面的综述。
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a two-step procedure that involves the administration of special drugs, commonly called photosensitizers, followed by the application of certain wavelengths of light. The light activates these photosensitizers to produce reactive molecular species that induce cell death in tissues. There are numerous factors to consider when selecting the appropriate photosensitizer administration route, such as which part of the body is being targeted, the pharmacokinetics of photosensitizers, and the formulation of photosensitizers. While intravenous, topical, and oral administration of photosensitizers are widely used in preclinical and clinical applications of PDT, other administration routes, such as intraperitoneal, intra-arterial, and intratumoral injections, are gaining traction for their potential in treating advanced diseases and reducing off-target toxicities. With recent advances in targeted nanotechnology, biomaterials, and light delivery systems, the exciting possibilities of targeted photosensitizer delivery can be fully realized for preclinical and clinical applications. Further, in light of the growing burden of cancer mortality in low and middle-income countries and development of low-cost light sources and photosensitizers, PDT could be used to treat cancer patients in low-income settings. This short article introduces aspects of interfaces of intratumoral photosensitizer injections and nano-biomaterials for PDT applications in both high-income and low-income settings but does not present a comprehensive review due to space limitations.