Three Waves of Variation Study: The Emergence of Meaning in the Study of Sociolinguistic Variation
Three Waves of Variation Study: The Emergence of Meaning in the Study of Sociolinguistic Variation
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DOI：
10.1146/annurev-anthro-092611-145828
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
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影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Eckert, Penelope
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文献类型：
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作者：
Eckert, Penelope
社会语言学变异中社会意义的处理经历了三次分析实践的浪潮。第一波变异研究建立了语言变量与社会经济阶层、性别、种族和年龄等宏观社会学类别之间的广泛相关性。第二波采用民族志的方法来探索当地的类别和配置，居住，或构成，这些更广泛的类别。在这两次浪潮中，差异被视为社会类别的标志。本文阐述了第三次浪潮的理论基础，认为：（1）变异构成了一个强大的社会符号系统，潜在地表达了一个特定社区的全方位社会关注;（B）变量的含义未被充分指定，在风格的上下文中获得更具体的含义，以及（c）变化不仅反映，而且构造，社会意义，因此是社会变革的力量。
The treatment of social meaning in sociolinguistic variation has come in three waves of analytic practice. The first wave of variation studies established broad correlations between linguistic variables and the macrosociological categories of socioeconomic class, gender, ethnicity, and age. The second wave employed ethnographic methods to explore the local categories and configurations that inhabit, or constitute, these broader categories. In both waves, variation was seen as marking social categories. This article sets out a theoretical foundation for the third wave, arguing that (a) variation constitutes a robust social semiotic system, potentially expressing the full range of social concerns in a given community; (b) the meanings of variables are underspecified, gaining more specific meanings in the context of styles, and (c) variation does not simply reflect, but also constructs, social meaning and hence is a force in social change.