Saturation Vapor Pressures and Transition Enthalpies of Low-Volatility Organic Molecules of Atmospheric Relevance: From Dicarboxylic Acids to Complex Mixtures
Saturation Vapor Pressures and Transition Enthalpies of Low-Volatility Organic Molecules of Atmospheric Relevance: From Dicarboxylic Acids to Complex Mixtures
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DOI：
10.1002/chin.201528326
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发表时间：
2015-07
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Bilde;K. Barsanti;Murray Booth;C. Cappa;N. Donahue;E. Emanuelsson;G. Mcfiggans;U. Krieger;C. Marcolli;D. Topping
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文献类型：
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作者：
M. Bilde;K. Barsanti;Murray Booth;C. Cappa;N. Donahue;E. Emanuelsson;G. Mcfiggans;U. Krieger;C. Marcolli;D. Topping
气溶胶粒子是大气的重要组成部分。它们通过对能见度、1人类健康、2和全球气候的影响影响现代社会。3尽管它们非常重要，但由于它们的复杂性，它们仍然是科学家面临的挑战。大气气溶胶既有自然来源，也有人为来源，既有有机分子，也有无机分子。根据地点的不同，有机化合物占大气气溶胶颗粒物质量的20%和90%。4初级气溶胶粒子一词用来描述以粒子的形式直接排放到大气中的粒子。这些初级颗粒在大气中通过蒸发和冷凝在气相和颗粒相之间不断交换而转化。此外，很大一部分有机颗粒物质量是由气相4、5中的化学反应产生的蒸汽凝结而成的，被称为二次有机气溶胶(SOA)。为了预测气溶胶的时间和空间分布，特别是SOA，有必要了解控制有机化合物在气相和颗粒相之间分布的基本参数。描述有机化合物平衡气固分配的关键热力学性质是饱和蒸汽压6和汽化和升华的热焓。大多数有机分子，特别是那些从化学反应中产生的分子，在大气中被分配到凝聚相，其特征是被氧化和多功能，7摩尔质量可能在150到150之间
Aerosol particles are important constituents of the atmosphere. They impact modern society through their effects on visibility, 1 human health, 2 and global climate. 3 Despite this great importance, they continue to represent a challenge to scientists due to their complexity.Atmospheric aerosols have both natural and anthropogenic sources and consist of both organic and inorganic molecules. Organic compounds constitute 20− 90% of the atmospheric aerosol particle mass, depending on the location. 4 The term primary aerosol particle is used to describe particles that are emitted directly into the atmosphere as particles. These primary particles are transformed in the atmosphere through the continuous exchange between the gas and particle phases via evaporation and condensation. Additionally, a large fraction of the organic particulate mass results from condensation of vapors that are produced by chemical reactions in the gas phase 4, 5 and is termed secondary organic aerosol (SOA). To predict the temporal and spatial distribution of aerosols, particularly SOA, it is necessary to understand the fundamental parameters that govern the distribution of organic compounds between the gas and particle phases. Key thermodynamic properties describing the equilibrium gas to particle partitioning of organic compounds are the saturation vapor pressures 6 and the enthalpies of vaporization and sublimation. The majority of organic molecules, especially those produced from chemical reactions, that are partitioned to the condensed phase in the atmosphere are characterized as being oxidized and multifunctional, 7 and likely have molar masses between 150 and