Aromatase cytochrome P450, the enzyme responsible for estrogen biosynthesis.
Aromatase cytochrome P450, the enzyme responsible for estrogen biosynthesis.
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DOI：
10.1210/edrv-15-3-342
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发表时间：
1994-06
影响因子：
20.3
通讯作者：
E. Simpson;M. Mahendroo;G. Means;M. Kilgore;M. Hinshelwood;S. Graham-Lorence;B. Amarneh;Yuji Ito
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Simpson;M. Mahendroo;G. Means;M. Kilgore;M. Hinshelwood;S. Graham-Lorence;B. Amarneh;Yuji Ito
雌激素的生物合成似乎发生在整个脊椎动物门，包括哺乳动物、鸟类、爬行动物、两栖动物、硬骨鱼和板鳃类鱼类以及无颌类（盲鳗和七鳃鳗）（1-3）。在原脊索动物文昌鱼中也有描述（4）。据我们所知，雌激素的生物合成在非脊椎动物门还没有报道。在大多数脊椎动物物种中，芳香化酶的表达发生在性腺和大脑中。这是真实的鱼类和鸟类物种，以及大多数哺乳动物，如啮齿动物。在许多物种中，脑中的雌激素生物合成与性相关行为（如交配反应）有关，并且经常表现出明显的性二态性差异。这是真的，例如，在鸟类物种中，雄性的歌声在求偶行为中很重要（5）。在人类和一些高等灵长类动物的情况下，有一个更广泛的组织分布的雌激素生物合成。
THE biosynthesis of estrogens appears to occur throughout the entire vertebrate phylum including mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, teleost and elasmobranch fish, and Agnatha (hagfish and lampreys) (1–3). It has also been described in the protochordate Amphioxus (4). To our knowledge, estrogen biosynthesis has not been reported in nonvertebrate animal phyla. In most vertebrate species that have been examined, aromatase expression occurs in the gonads and in the brain. This is true of the fish and avian species that have been examined as well as most mammals such as rodents. In many species estrogen biosynthesis in the brain has been implicated in sex-related behavior such as mating responses, and frequently a marked sexually dimorphic difference has been demonstrated. This is true, for example, in avian species in which the song of the male is important in courtship behavior (5). In the case of humans and a number of higher primates, there is a more extensive tissue distribution of estrogen biosynthesi...