Oral health risk assessment timing and establishment of the dental home.
Oral health risk assessment timing and establishment of the dental home.
复制标题
口腔健康风险评估时机和牙科之家的建立。
作者：
K. Hale
据美国疾病控制与预防中心报告，儿童早期龋齿可能是我国儿童中最流行的传染病。儿童早期龋齿发生在所有种族和社会经济群体中；然而，这种情况在低收入儿童中更为普遍，并且在这些儿童中呈流行病。龋齿是由特定生物体过度生长引起的，这些生物体是正常存在的人类菌群的一部分。人类牙齿菌群是具有特定部位的，婴儿直到大约 6 至 30 个月大乳牙萌出时才会定植。婴儿牙齿菌群最有可能的接种来源是母亲或其他亲密护理人员，通过共用器具等。在定殖时降低母亲牙齿菌群中致龋微生物的水平可以显着影响儿童的龋齿倾向。为了预防儿童龋齿，必须在很小的时候就识别出高危人群（最好是在产前护理期间的高危母亲），并采取积极的策略，包括预期指导、行为改变（口腔卫生和喂养习惯）以及在1岁时为被认为有风险的儿童建立牙科之家。
Early childhood dental caries has been reported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to be perhaps the most prevalent infectious disease of our nation's children. Early childhood dental caries occurs in all racial and socioeconomic groups; however, it tends to be more prevalent in low-income children, in whom it occurs in epidemic proportions. Dental caries results from an overgrowth of specific organisms that are a part of normally occurring human flora. Human dental flora is site specific, and an infant is not colonized until the eruption of the primary dentition at approximately 6 to 30 months of age. The most likely source of inoculation of an infant's dental flora is the mother or another intimate care provider, through shared utensils, etc. Decreasing the level of cariogenic organisms in the mother's dental flora at the time of colonization can significantly impact the child's predisposition to caries. To prevent caries in children, high-risk individuals must be identified at an early age (preferably high-risk mothers during prenatal care), and aggressive strategies should be adopted, including anticipatory guidance, behavior modifications (oral hygiene and feeding practices), and establishment of a dental home by 1 year of age for children deemed at risk.