Effect of introduction of pentavalent vaccine as replacement for Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis and Hepatitis B vaccines on vaccination uptake in a health facility in Nigeria
Effect of introduction of pentavalent vaccine as replacement for Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis and Hepatitis B vaccines on vaccination uptake in a health facility in Nigeria
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.04.026
复制
发表时间：
2016-05-23
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Sadoh, Wilson Ehidiamen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sadoh, Ayebo Evawere;Nwaneri, Damian Uchechukwu;Sadoh, Wilson Ehidiamen
背景：在免疫规划中引入新疫苗可能对免疫系统产生负面或正面影响。本研究的目的是确定引入五价疫苗作为百白破疫苗和B型肝炎疫苗的替代品对及时性、时间表的完成情况和到卫生机构就诊的儿童的辍学率的影响。这是一项回顾性队列研究，涉及提取2011年6月至2012年5月期间在儿童健康研究所儿童福利诊所就诊的儿童的免疫记录。2013. 2012年6月，引入了五价疫苗，以替代百白破疫苗和B型肝炎疫苗。在免疫接种时间表中的不同疫苗的摄取，及时性和辍学率进行了测定，为儿童谁开始在前，笔和后引入phase.Results免疫接种：共1110名儿童进行了研究- 190，410和510谁开始在前，笔和后引入阶段的五价疫苗分别接种。与引入前和围栏引入阶段相比，引入后阶段中所有疫苗的摄取显著更高（p < 0.001）。在引入后阶段开始接种的儿童中，60.2%的儿童完成了免疫接种计划，分别高于引入前和引入后阶段的31.6%和41.7%（p < 0.001）。与导入前和导入后阶段相比，在导入期需要显著更多的访视来完成时间表p
Background: The introduction of a new vaccine into an immunization programme may affect the immunization system negatively or positively. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of the introduction of the pentavalent vaccine as replacement for DTP and Hepatitis B vaccines on timeliness, completion of the schedule and dropout rates among children attending a health facility.Methodology: This was a retrospective cohort study which involved extracting immunization records of children attending the Institute of Child Health Child Welfare Clinic between June 2011 and May 2013. Pentavalent vaccine was introduced as a replacement for DTP and Hepatitis B vaccines in June 2012. The uptake, timeliness and dropout rates of different vaccines in the immunization schedule were determined for children who commenced immunization in the pre, pen and post introduction phases.Results: A total of 1110 children were studied - 190, 410 and 510 who commenced vaccination in the pre, pen and post introduction phases of the pentavalent vaccine respectively. Uptake was significantly higher for all vaccines in the post introduction phase compared to pre and pen introduction phases (p < 0.001). Completion of the immunization schedule by 60.2% of the children who commenced vaccination in the post introduction phase was higher than the 31.6% and 41.7% for the pre and peri introduction phases respectively (p < 0.001). Significantly more visits were required to complete the schedule in the peri introduction phase compared to the pre and post introduction phases p