The distribution of Mycobacterium bovis infection in naturally infected badgers
The distribution of Mycobacterium bovis infection in naturally infected badgers
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DOI：
10.1016/j.tvjl.2012.03.013
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发表时间：
2012-11-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Gormley, E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Corner, Leigh A. L.;O'Meara, D.;Gormley, E.
患有结核病（牛分枝杆菌感染）的欧亚獾（Meles meles）种群是爱尔兰和英国牛的重要感染源。在这项研究中，分布的感染，组织学病变和肉眼病变的样本中确定的132个被淘汰獾从自然感染的野生种群。獾被扑杀时，流行病学调查后，结核病崩溃的牛群牵连獾作为可能的感染源。结核病感染的定义是以M.从组织或临床样品中分离牛。通过对每只獾的大范围淋巴结（LN）和器官组织（平均32.1个）以及临床标本（粪便和尿液）进行培养，获得了准确的感染诊断，在132只獾中有57只（43.2%）检测到感染。在39/57（68.4%）培养阳性和7/75（9.3%）培养阴性动物中观察到符合结核病的组织学病变。仅在30/57只（52.6%）感染獾中观察到肉眼病变，留下高比例（47.4%）的潜伏感染（无肉眼可见病变）感染动物。感染部位以肺和腋窝淋巴结最多见，其次为颈深淋巴结、腮腺淋巴结和气管支气管淋巴结。这些数据支持以下假设，即獾只有两种重要的感染途径，即下呼吸道和咬伤，獾非常容易感染，但对疾病的发展和进展有抵抗力。在疾病严重程度的所有水平，在广泛分布的解剖位置发现感染，这表明在主动免疫发展之前的时期存在早期感染传播。(c)2012爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Populations of Eurasian badgers (Meles meles) with tuberculosis (Mycobacterium bovis infection) are a significant reservoir of infection for cattle in Ireland and the United Kingdom. In this study the distribution of infection, histological lesions and gross lesions was determined in a sample of 132 culled badgers from naturally-infected wild populations. Badgers were culled when an epidemiological investigation following a tuberculosis breakdown in a cattle herd implicated badgers as the probable source of infection. The definition of tuberculosis infection was based on the isolation of M. bovis from tissues or clinical samples. An accurate diagnosis of infection was achieved by culturing a wide range of lymph nodes (LN) and organ tissues (mean 32.1) and clinical samples (faeces and urine) from each badger.Infection was detected in 57/132 badgers (43.2%). Histological lesions consistent with tuberculosis were seen in 39/57 (68.4%) culture-positive and 7/75 (9.3%) culture-negative animals. Gross lesions were seen in only 30/57 (52.6%) infected badgers, leaving a high proportion (47.4%) of infected animals with latent infection (no grossly visible lesions). The most frequently infected tissues were the lungs and axillary LN, followed by the deep cervical LN, parotid LN and tracheobronchial LN. The data support the hypotheses that in badgers there are only two significant routes of infection, namely, the lower respiratory tract and bite wounds, and that badgers are very susceptible to infection but resistant to the development and progression of the disease. At all levels of disease severity, infection was found in widely dispersed anatomical locations suggesting that there is early dissemination of infection in the period preceding the development of active immunity. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.