Pigment‐dispersing hormone‐like peptide in the nervous system of the flies Phormia and Drosophila: Immunocytochemistry and partial characterization
Pigment‐dispersing hormone‐like peptide in the nervous system of the flies Phormia and Drosophila: Immunocytochemistry and partial characterization
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果蝇和果蝇神经系统中的色素分散激素样肽：免疫细胞化学和部分表征
DOI：
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发表时间：
1993
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
K. Rao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Nässel;S. Shiga;C. J. Mohrherr;K. Rao
β-色素分散激素(β-pdh)是节肢动物共有的神经肽十八肽家族中的一员。早期对昆虫中这些多肽的研究仅限于直翅目昆虫，而本次调查主要针对双翅目苍蝇。在招潮蟹的生物测定中，我们评估了从美洲斑潜蝇中提取的头部的PDH活性。免疫细胞化学、剂量-反应曲线、凝胶过滤层析和反相高效液相色谱结合生物测定和酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)，表明苍蝇体内存在PDH样肽。用β-PDH抗血清对荷尔蒙果蝇和果蝇的整个神经系统进行了PDH样免疫反应神经元的免疫细胞化学定位。在头神经节(脑、视叶和食道下神经节)，可检测到PDHLI胞体(荷尔蒙组34个，果蝇组16个)。在这两个物种中，每个半球的视叶中都有8个PDHLI细胞体。这些神经支配双侧视叶神经髓。在Pholia中，另一组8个细胞体位于上前脑的每个外侧神经分泌细胞群中。这些神经元将轴突发送到心体-下脑神经节复合体和前肠的一部分。相比之下，在果蝇中，只有视叶神经元显示出免疫反应。除视叶外，PDHLI突起仅分布于两种动物大脑的非肾小球神经髓。在融合的胸腹神经节内，共发现28个PDHLI胞体(仅6个在果蝇中发现)。在这两个物种中，六个腹部PDHLI神经元是传出神经元，轴突支配后肠。我们还发现，荷尔蒙脑和腹神经节中的一些PDHLI神经元含有共同定位的FMRFamide样免疫反应。由于这里研究的果蝇没有表现出激素控制的快速色素迁移，PDH样肽可能在中枢神经系统，特别是在视觉系统中作为神经递质或神经调节剂发挥作用，并在口胃系统和后肠发挥调节作用。©1993 Wiley-Liss，Inc.
β‐pigment‐dispersing hormone (β‐PDH) isolated from the fiddler crab (Rao et al., '85) is a member of an octadecapeptide family of neuropeptides common to arthropods. Whereas earlier studies of these peptides in insects were limited to orthopterans, this investigation focuses on dipteran flies. Extracts of heads from the blowfly Phormia terraenovae were assessed in a fiddler crab bioassay for PDH activity. Immunocytochemistry, dose‐response curves, gel filtration chromatography and reversed‐phase HPLC, combined with bioassay and enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), indicate the presence of PDH‐like peptide in the blowfly. Immunocytochemical mapping of PDH‐like immunoreactive (PDHLI) neuroans was performed for the entire nervous systems of Phormia and the fruitfly Drosophila with a β‐PDH antiserum. In the cephalic ganglion (brain, optic lobe and subesophageal ganglion) PDHLI cell bodies could be detected (34 in Phormia and 16 in Drosophila). In both species, each hemisphere contains 8 PDHLI cell bodies in the optic lobes. These innervate the optic lobe neuropils bilaterally. In Phormia, another set of 8 cell bodies are located in each of the lateral neurosecretory cell groups in the superior protocerebrum. These neurons send axons to the corpora cardiaca‐hypocerebral ganglion complex and to portions of the foregut. In contrast, only the optic lobe neurons display immunoreactivity in Drosophila. Except for the optic lobes, PDHLI processes are distributed only in nonglomerular neuropils of the brain of both species. In the fused thoracico‐abdominal ganglia of Phormia, 28 PDHLI cell bodies were found (only six were found in Drosophila). In both species, six abdominal PDHLI neurons are efferents with axons innervating the hindgut. We also found that some of the PDHLI neurons in the Phormia brain and abdominal ganglion contain colocalized FMRFamide‐like immunoreactivity. Since the flies studied here do not display hormonally controlled, fast pigment migrations, the PDH‐like peptide may have a role as neurotransmitter or neuromodulator in the central nervous system, especially in the visual system, and a regulatory role in the stomatogastric system and the hindgut. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.