Quantum chemistry rules retinoid biology.

Quantum chemistry rules retinoid biology.
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量子化学统治着类维生素A生物学。

DOI:
10.1038/s42003-023-04602-x
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发表时间:
2023-02-28
影响因子:
5.9
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
生物学2区
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--
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本文讨论了视黄醇如何通过蛋白激酶C δ(PKCδ)催化共振能量转移(RET)反应,这对线粒体能量平衡至关重要。PKCδ向丙酮酸脱氢酶复合物发出信号,控制氧化磷酸化。PKCδ-视黄醇复合物可逆地响应于细胞色素c的氧化还原电位,其随着电子转移链的工作负荷而变化。与此相反,天然类维生素A脱水视黄醇不可逆地激活PKCδ。其伸长的共轭双键系统限制了RET吸收的能量量子。因此,虽然能够触发放能激活途径,但脱水视黄醇未能激活吸能沉默途径,将PKCδ捕获在ON位置并导致有害水平的活性氧。然而,生理视黄醇水平取代脱水视黄醇,缓冲细胞毒性,并可能使脱水视黄醇可用于快速产生能量。有趣的是,脱辅基类胡萝卜素,线粒体β-胡萝卜素,9 '-10'-加氧酶的主要产物,具有所有脱水视黄醇样特征,包括调节能量稳态。我们预测显着的概念性进展源于对类维生素A催化的RET的进一步理解。这一观点探讨了视黄醇的共振能量转移(RET)的PKC δ的可逆激活的能力,所以关键的OXPHOS控制,并阐明类维生素A生物学的新方面。
This Perspective discusses how retinol catalyzes resonance energy transfer (RET) reactions pivotally important for mitochondrial energy homeostasis by protein kinase C δ (PKCδ). PKCδ signals to the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, controlling oxidative phosphorylation. The PKCδ-retinol complex reversibly responds to the redox potential of cytochrome c, that changes with the electron transfer chain workload. In contrast, the natural retinoid anhydroretinol irreversibly activates PKCδ. Its elongated conjugated-double-bond system limits the energy quantum absorbed by RET. Consequently, while capable of triggering the exergonic activating pathway, anhydroretinol fails to activate the endergonic silencing path, trapping PKCδ in the ON position and causing harmful levels of reactive oxygen species. However, physiological retinol levels displace anhydroretinol, buffer cyotoxicity and potentially render anhydroretinol useful for rapid energy generation. Intriguingly, apocarotenoids, the primary products of the mitochondrial β-carotene,9'-10'-oxygenase, have all the anhydroretinol-like features, including modulation of energy homeostasis. We predict significant conceptual advances to stem from further understanding of the retinoid-catalyzed RET. This Perspective explores retinol’s resonance energy transfer (RET) capabilities for reversible activation of PKC delta, so pivotal for OXPHOS control, and illuminates novel aspects of retinoid biology.
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