The influence of pre‐settlement and early post‐settlement processes on the adult distribution and relative dominance of two invasive mussel species
The influence of pre‐settlement and early post‐settlement processes on the adult distribution and relative dominance of two invasive mussel species
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定居前和定居后早期过程对两种入侵贻贝物种的成体分布和相对优势度的影响
DOI：
10.1111/fwb.12331
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
A. Ricciardi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Jones;A. Ricciardi
社区的结构由复杂的过程组合管理，这些过程的相对重要性随着时间和空间的不同而变化。幼虫动态、定居和补充被认为是限制浮游幼虫的成体丰度和分布的重要过程。2.形态和资源需求相似的两种入侵软体动物--欧亚斑马贻贝Dreissena Polyma和美洲叉尾贻贝Dreissena rostriformis bugensis共同出现在北美的几个湖泊和河流中，但它们的成体分布在深度上往往不同。在建立后，叉尾贻贝通常会大量取代斑马贻贝，特别是在更深的水域。在热带水系(与圣劳伦斯河相连的索兰格斯运河)进行的为期3年的实地采样方案检查了这两个物种的成虫分布和差异优势在多大程度上取决于幼虫供应(即定居点附近的幼虫丰度)、定居和招募。3.在连续三年的主沉降期内，每周测定两个深度水柱中鱼纲幼虫的总丰度，并估计幼虫的能力(大小)和种类组成。通过在两个深度部署沉降板，确定了深度梯度上的总沉降量模式。于每年7~9月逐月测定各深度区斑马贻贝和叉尾贻贝幼体和成体的总丰度和比例丰度。4.底栖幼虫的平均大小在不同深度之间没有差异，后期幼虫的供应量普遍较低，但总的幼虫丰度在较深的水域中始终较高。这种不同的幼虫丰度建立了运河中的定居和补充模式，但与基于成虫总丰度的预测相反--后者在浅水区更高。因此，决定这两个深度区内成体贻贝丰度的重要因素必须是补充后的死亡率，而不是幼体的供应、定居或补充。5.尽管有很强的物种特异性成虫深度分带，但在深度梯度上，幼虫和幼虫的物种比例没有一致的差异。事实上，在约50%的采样日期中，斑马贻贝在两个深度的幼体丰度上占主导地位，在整个采样期的大部分时间里，斑马贻贝在两个深度的幼体丰度上占主导地位。相比之下，斑马贻贝在成虫群落中的比例丰度在浅水区一直高出4-5倍。6.这些结果表明，幼虫的供应、定居和补充过程不决定成虫的总分布或物种优势度。相反，这些模式似乎受补充后的因素所支配，这些因素在贻贝发育和生长的后期表现出来。
SUMMARY 1. The structure of a community is governed by a complex combination of processes whose relative importance varies over time and space. Larval dynamics, settlement and recruitment are thought to be important processes limiting adult abundance and distribution of benthic invertebrates with planktonic larvae. 2. Two invasive molluscs with similar morphology and resource needs, the Eurasian zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha and the quagga mussel Dreissena rostriformis bugensis, co-occur in several North American lakes and rivers but often differ in their adult distribution over depth. Following establishment, the quagga mussel typically replaces the zebra mussel in abundance, particularly in deeper waters. A field sampling programme conducted over 3 years in a lotic system (the Soulanges Canal connected to the St. Lawrence River) examined the extent to which adult distribution and the differential dominance of these two species are determined by larval supply (i.e. larval abundance near settlement sites), settlement and recruitment. 3. Total dreissenid larval abundance in the water column at two depths was determined weekly, and larval competence (size) and species-specific larval composition was estimated, during the main settlement period over three consecutive years. The pattern of total dreissenid settlement over the depth gradient was determined by deployment of settlement plates at both depths. Total abundance and proportional abundance of zebra mussel and quagga mussel juveniles and adults in each depth zone were determined monthly from July to September each year. 4. Mean dreissenid larval size did not differ between depths and the supply of late-stage larvae was generally low, but total larval abundance was consistently greater in deeper water. This differential larval abundance established settlement and recruitment patterns in the canal but contrasted predictions based on total adult dreissenid abundance – which was higher in the shallow zone. Therefore, the significant factor dictating the abundance of adult mussels in these two depth zones must be post-recruitment mortality, rather than larval supply, settlement or recruitment. 5. Despite a strong species-specific adult depth zonation, larvae and juveniles showed no consistent differences in species proportions over the depth gradient. In fact, zebra mussels dominated larval abundance at both depths for c. 50% of the sampling dates and dominated juvenile abundance at both depths throughout most of the sampling period. In contrast, the proportional abundance of zebra mussels in the adult dreissenid community was consistently 4–5 times higher in the shallow zone. 6. These results indicate that larval supply, settlement and recruitment processes are not responsible for determining total adult dreissenid distribution or species dominance. Rather, these patterns appear to be governed by post-recruitment factors that manifest themselves in later stages of mussel development and growth.
斑马贻贝在流动中比斑驴贻贝锚定足丝更快更紧
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Peyer, Suzanne M.;McCarthy, Alice J.;Lee, Carol Eunmi
通讯作者：
Lee, Carol Eunmi