Organizational Production of Self-Censorship in the Hong Kong Media
Organizational Production of Self-Censorship in the Hong Kong Media
复制标题
香港媒体自我审查的组织制作
DOI：
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Chan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Francis L. F. Lee;J. Chan
媒介自我审查是指媒介组织为避免冒犯政府、广告商和大企业等权力主体而采取的非外部强制性行为。虽然自我审查对中国统治下的香港新闻自由构成重大威胁，但最近的研究表明，香港记者保持了强烈的专业意识。专业主义与自我审查的并存对新闻机构提出了重要的挑战：在专业主义不支持自我审查的情况下，自我审查是如何实现的？新闻机构如何才能最大限度地减少自我审查与专业化之间的冲突，使新闻运作保持稳定、顺畅和高效？借鉴文献对新闻编辑室社会控制，我们解决了上述问题，重点放在内部结构和新闻编辑室内的互动动态。在研究方法上，本研究采用了代表性调查和深度访谈的数据。研究发现，自我审查是通过选择性的定位和分配，观察学习的隐性规则，给出模棱两可的命令，并使用专业或技术的原因，以证明可疑的新闻决策。与此同时，一些记者也制定了自己的行动策略，以抵制他们认为的自我审查企图。研究结果的理论意义进行了讨论。
Media self-censorship refers to nonexternally compelled acts committed by media organizations aiming to avoid offending power holders such as the government, advertisers, and major business corporations. While self-censorship constitutes a major threat to press freedom in Hong Kong under China, recent studies have shown that Hong Kong journalists have maintained a strong sense of professionalism. The coexistence of professionalism and self-censorship poses important challenges to news organizations: How is self-censorship effected as professionalism does not favor its practice? How can news organizations minimize the conflicts between self-censorship and professionalism so that news operations will remain stable, smooth, and efficient? Drawing on the literature on newsroom social control, we tackle the above questions by focusing on the internal structure of and the interactive dynamics within newsrooms. Methodologically, this study draws on both representative survey and in-depth interview data. It is found that self-censorship is effected through selective positioning and assignment, observational learning of tacit rules, the giving of ambiguous orders, and the use of professional or technical reasons to justify questionable news decisions. Meanwhile, some journalists also developed their own operational tactics to resist what they perceived as self-censorship attempts. The theoretical implications of the findings are discussed.