Effect of simulated flash flooding on rice and its recovery after flooding with nutrient management strategies
Effect of simulated flash flooding on rice and its recovery after flooding with nutrient management strategies
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ecoleng.2015.01.033
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发表时间：
2015-04
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
P. Gautam;B. Lal;R. Raja;R. Tripathi;M. Shahid;M. J. Baig;Chandrika Puree;S. Mohanty;A. Nayak
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Gautam;B. Lal;R. Raja;R. Tripathi;M. Shahid;M. J. Baig;Chandrika Puree;S. Mohanty;A. Nayak
在洪水易发地区种植的水稻必须具有耐淹特性，无论是通过品种选择还是通过营养施用等管理选择。研究了氮、磷不同施用方式对沉水水稻生产力和养分吸收的影响。在清水和浊水淹浸条件下，研究了基础磷和淹后氮（6种不同营养方案）对Sub1（IR-64 Sub1和Swarna Sub1）和非Sub1（IR-20）水稻品种耐淹性的影响。淹水15 d后，水稻的光合作用、产量和氮素浓度均显著低于对照。浊水淹没对水稻光合作用、气孔导度、有效分蘖数和产量的影响是致命的，这是由于水下的低光照和溶解氧造成的。施磷肥的水稻植株比不施磷肥的耐淹性更好，产量也显著提高。在最大分蘖期（MT）完全淹水条件下，施氮处理的有效分蘖数和籽粒产量均高于不施氮处理。当洪水后单独施用N时，IR-20、IR-64 Sub1和Swarna Sub1的籽粒产量分别比N和基础P施用低25.8%、17.8%和17.1%。脱泡后喷施尿素可显著提高光合作用，缩短开花期，从而提高产量和生产力。研究结果表明，一个简单的改变的时间和方法的N的应用与基础P可以显着地有助于提高水稻产量在山洪灾害易发地区。
Rice grown in flood-prone areas must have submergence tolerance characteristics either through varietal selection or by management options like nutrient application. This study is conducted to investigate the effect of application methods of nitrogen and phosphorus on submerged rice productivity and nutrient absorption. The effect of basal phosphorus and post-flood nitrogen (six different nutrient schedules) on the performance of Sub1 (IR-64 Sub1 and Swarna Sub1) and non-Sub1 (IR-20) cultivars of rice was tested under clear and turbid water submergence for their tolerance to submergence. Photosynthesis, yield and N concentration of rice subjected to complete submergence for 15 days was decreased significantly over non-submerged rice plants. Turbid water submergence was fatal in terms of photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, effective tillers and yield because of low light and dissolved oxygen underwater. Rice plants fertilized with P tolerated flooding better and produced significantly higher grain yields than no P application. The crop fertilized with N produced more number of effective tillers and grain yield than the unfertilized crop under complete submergence at maximum tillering (MT) stage. When post-flood N was applied alone, grain yield was 25.8, 17.8 and 17.1% lower in IR-20, IR-64 Sub1 and Swarna Sub1, respectively, as compared to N and basal P application. Urea foliar spray after desubmergence significantly enhanced the photosynthesis and narrowed down the flowering time which led to higher grain yield and productivity. The findings of the study suggest that a simple alteration in the time and method of N application with basal P can significantly contribute to higher rice yield in flash-flood prone areas.