Polymer nanofibre composite nonwovens with metal-like electrical conductivity
Polymer nanofibre composite nonwovens with metal-like electrical conductivity
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DOI：
10.1038/s41528-017-0018-5
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发表时间：
2018-02
影响因子：
14.6
通讯作者：
S. Reich;M. Burgard;M. Langner;Shaohua Jiang;Xueqin Wang;S. Agarwal;B. Ding;Jianyong Yu;A. Greiner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Reich;M. Burgard;M. Langner;Shaohua Jiang;Xueqin Wang;S. Agarwal;B. Ding;Jianyong Yu;A. Greiner
具有金属样导电性的可弯曲和透气的聚合物纳米纤维非织造布需要用于轻型电极和电屏蔽设计，应用于电池，功能性纺织品，传感器，汽车，航空航天，建筑，移动电话和医疗设备。由于现有加工技术的限制，目前尚未实现聚合物非织造布的类金属导电性。我们在这里展示了在聚丙烯腈（PAN），聚（ε-己内酯）（PCL）非织造布中使用极低含量的银纳米线（AgNW; 3.35 vol%）的金属样电导率为750,000 S/m。采用短电纺丝和AgNW分散体湿法制备的非织造布具有高导电性的关键是AgNW在非织造布中的均匀分布。在AgNW的阈值为0.36 vol%以上时，非织造布的电导率增加了7个数量级，我们将其归因于AgNW的渗透开始。我们的无纺布- agnw复合材料在1.1 V的电压下可以在几秒钟内快速加热和冷却，这在便携式设备的范围内。这些复合材料也是透气和可弯曲的。导电性与复合材料的弯曲角度无关，这对上述应用很重要，并将有助于其他科学家在未来设计新的导电材料。
Bendable and breathable polymer nanofibre nonwovens with metal-like electrical conductivity are required for lightweight electrodes and electric shielding design with applications in batteries, functional textiles, sensors, cars, aerospace, constructions, mobile phones, and medical devices. Metal-like conductivity in polymer nonwovens has not been achieved till now due to the limitation of the existing processing techniques. We show here, the metal-like electrical conductivity of 750,000 S/m in polyacrylonitrile (PAN), poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) nonwoven using very low content of silver nanowires (AgNW; 3.35 vol%). The key to the high conductivity was the homogenous distribution of AgNW in nonwoven made by wet-laid process using short electrospun fibre and AgNW dispersion. Above a threshold of 0.36 vol% AgNW, the conductivity of the nonwoven increased by seven orders of magnitude, which we attribute to the onset of percolation of the AgNW. Our nonwoven-AgNW composites show fast heating and cooling within a few seconds at a voltage of 1.1 V, which is in the range of portable devices. These composites are also breathable and bendable. The electrical conductivity was independent of the bending angle of the composite, which is important for applications mentioned above and would help other scientists to design new conductive materials in the future.