Multigram-scale syntheses, stability, and photoreactions of A2A adenosine receptor antagonists with 8-styrylxanthine structure:: Potential drugs for Parkinson's disease
Multigram-scale syntheses, stability, and photoreactions of A2A adenosine receptor antagonists with 8-styrylxanthine structure:: Potential drugs for Parkinson's disease
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DOI：
10.1021/jo0358574
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发表时间：
2004-05-14
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Müller, CE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hockemeyer, J;Burbiel, JC;Müller, CE
The improved multigram-scale syntheses of the important 8-styrylxanthine A(2A) adenosine receptor antagonist MSX-2 (8), its water-soluble prodrug MXS-3 (9), and KW-6002 (16) are described. N-Alkylation reactions at different positions of uracil derivatives were optimized. Two different methods for xanthine formation from 6-amino-5-cinnamoylaminouracil precursors were investigated, (a) the elimination of water by alkaline catalysis and (b) hexamethyldisilazane as a condensing agent; the latter was found to be superior. The photosensitivity of 8-styrylxanthines was studied. The (E)-configurated stryrylxanthine MSX-2 (8) isomerized in diluted solution, and the resulting (Z)-isomer (10a) was isolated and characterized. Furthermore, we describe for the first time that solid 8-styrylxanthines can dimerize upon exposition to daylight or irradiation with UV light. The resulting cyclobutane derivatives with head-to-tail (syn) configuration exhibited a considerably lower A(2A) adenosine receptor affinity than their parent compounds. The dimerization product of MSX-2 was a moderately potent nonselective A(1) and A(2A) antagonist (K-i(A(1)) = 273 nM, K-i (A(2A)) = 175 nM) while the dimer of the related compound KW-6002 was inactive at A(1) and only weakly active at A(2A) adenosine receptors (K-i = 1.57 muM). The light sensitivity of 8-styrylxanthine derivatives, not only in solution, but also in the solid state, has to be considered when using those compounds as pharmacological tools or drugs.
