Determinants of salt taste threshold among urban residents: the KOBE study
Determinants of salt taste threshold among urban residents: the KOBE study
复制标题
城市居民盐味阈值的决定因素：KOBE 研究
DOI：
10.11236/jph.22-062
复制
发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
平田 あや
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
若子 みな美;宮嵜 潤二;川原 瑞希;桑原 和代;杉山 大典;宮松 直美;宮本 恵宏;岡村 智教;佐田 みずき;久保田 芳美;西田 陽子;久保 佐智美;東山 綾;平田 匠;門田 文;平田 あや
高盐味阈值与高血压有关，但其确切的决定因素尚不清楚。本研究的目的是确定在社区为基础的人群中的咸味阈值的决定因素，并确定咸味阈值和多个决定因素同时存在之间的关系。方法在科比研究基线调查的1，117名参与者中，对年龄40-74岁的健康城市居民进行了队列研究，这些居民没有癌症或心血管疾病史，也没有接受高血压、糖尿病或血脂异常的治疗。其中，1,116人接受了盐味阈值测试，并收集了尿液样本，以确定他们的估计盐摄入量。使用SALSAVE®进行咸味阈值测试，将0.6%的咸味阈值定义为正常，将0.8%或更高的咸味阈值定义为高。采用二项logistic回归模型，以高盐味阈值为目标变量，以生活和家庭状况、教育程度、吸烟和饮酒状况、盐干鱼摄入状况、应激指标和每日盐摄入量（根据尿样估算）为解释变量。以影响盐味阈值的因素为解释变量，以盐味阈值（正常/高）为客观变量，通过采用强制进入法的多变量分析，进行二项logistic回归分析。该分析排除了尿钠钾比，以解释与估计每日盐摄入量的多重共线性。结果男性平均年龄60.9±9.0岁，女性平均年龄58.0±8.7岁。80.9%（n= 903）的参与者（73.6%[n= 251]男性和84.1%[n= 652]女性）的盐味阈值正常，19.1%（n= 213）的参与者（26.3%[n= 90]男性和15.9%[n= 123]女性）的盐味阈值较高。多变量分析显示，吸烟习惯与较高的盐味阈值显著相关，所有参与者的比值比（95%置信区间）为2.51（1.33-4.74）。高盐味阈值的优势比为1.45（1.03-2.03）的前25%估计每日盐摄入量组，显示出与高盐味阈值的显着关联。在按性别进行的分析中，吸烟习惯与较高的盐味阈值相关，而仅在男性中观察到与估计每日盐摄入量相关。结论吸烟状况和每日食盐摄入量与城市健康人群的高盐味阈值有关。
Objectives Though having a high salt taste threshold has been associated with hypertension, its exact determinants remains unclear. This study aimed to identify the determinants of salt taste threshold in a community-based population and to determine the relationship between salt taste thresholds and the simultaneous presence of multiple determinants. Methods Of the 1,117 participants of the baseline survey of the Kobe study, a cohort study of healthy urban residents, aged 40-74 years, with no history of cancer or cardiovascular diseases, nor undergoing treatment for hypertension, diabetes, or dyslipidemia, was conducted. Among them, 1,116 underwent the salt taste threshold test, and urine samples were collected to determine their estimated salt intake. The salt taste threshold test was carried out using SALSAVE®, with a salt taste threshold of 0.6% defined as normal, and that of 0.8% or more defined as high. A binomial logistic regression model was used, with high salt taste threshold as the objective variable, and life and family status, education, smoking and alcohol drinking status, intake status of salt dried fish, stress indicators, and daily salt intake (estimated from the urine sample) as the explanatory variables. A binomial logistic regression analysis was conducted, through multivariate analysis using the forced entry method, with factors influencing salt taste threshold as explanatory variables, and salt taste threshold (normal/high) as the objective variable. This analysis was performed excluding the urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio to account for multicollinearity with the estimated daily salt intake. Results The mean age was 60.9±9.0 years for men, and 58.0±8.7 years for women. The salt taste threshold was normal in 80.9%(n= 903) of the participants (73.6%[n= 251] men and 84.1%[n= 652] women), and high in 19.1%(n= 213) of the participants (26.3%[n= 90] men and 15.9%[n= 123] women). Multivariate analysis revealed that smoking habits were significantly associated with a higher salt taste threshold, with an odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of 2.51 (1.33-4.74) for all participants. The odds ratio for a high salt taste threshold was 1.45 (1.03-2.03) for the top 25% estimated daily salt intake group, showing a significant association with a high salt taste threshold. In the analysis by sex, smoking habits were associated with higher salt taste thresholds, while an association with estimated daily salt intake was observed only in men. Conclusion Smoking status and estimated daily salt intake were associated with higher salt taste thresholds in healthy urban residents.