Evidence of a novel immune responsive protein in the Hymenoptera
Evidence of a novel immune responsive protein in the Hymenoptera
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ibmb.2011.09.006
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发表时间：
2011-12-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Mueller, Martin J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Albert, Stefan;Gaetschenberger, Heike;Mueller, Martin J.
蜜蜂种群受到寄生虫和疾病的严重威胁。最近爆发的蜂群衰竭失调症（CCD）已经导致美国超过35%的蜂群损失，这被认为至少部分是由于寄生虫和/或疾病。有趣的是，与其他昆虫相比，蜜蜂拥有有限的免疫基因。蜜蜂的非典型免疫基因是有趣的，因为它们可以提供更多的见解，这种社会性昆虫的免疫系统的特殊性质。以前的分析蜜蜂血淋巴细菌的挑战确定了一种新的富含亮氨酸的重复蛋白称为IRP 30。在这里，我们表明，IRP 30的行为作为一个典型的分泌免疫蛋白。在用细菌或其他免疫应答诱导剂处理时，它与羧酸酯酶同时表达。此外，我们的基因和mRNA编码这种蛋白质和IRP 30蛋白本身的特点。IRP 30基因的调控和进化研究表明，IRP 30属于一个蛋白家族，广泛分布于膜翅目昆虫中，提示其在免疫应答中具有古老的功能。我们记录了一个有趣的情况下，最近的IRP 30损失的蚂蚁阿塔cephalotes和假设，一个假定的IRP 30同源的Nasonia出现的趋同进化，而不是从一个共同的祖先分歧。(C)2011爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Honeybee populations are severely threatened by parasites and diseases. Recent outbreaks of Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD) has caused loss of more than 35% of bee colonies in the USA, and this is thought to at least in part be due to parasites and/or disease. Interestingly, the honeybee possesses of a limited set of immune genes compared to other insects. Non-canonical immune genes of honeybee are of interest because they may provide greater insights into the peculiar nature of the immune system of this social insect. Previous analyses of bee haemolymph upon bacterial challenge identified a novel leucine-rich repeat protein termed IRP30. Here we show that IRP30 behaves as a typical secreted immune protein. It is expressed simultaneously with carboxylesterase upon treatment with bacteria or other elicitors of immune response. Furthermore we characterize the gene and the mRNA encoding this protein and the IRP30 protein itself. Its regulation and evolution reveal that IRP30 belongs to a protein family, distributed broadly among Hymenoptera, suggesting its ancient function in immune response. We document an interesting case of a recent IRP30 loss in the ant Atta cephalotes and hypothesize that a putative IRP30 homolog of Nasonia emerged by convergent evolution rather than diverged from a common ancestor. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.