Characterizing distributions, composition profiles, sources and potential health risk of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in the coastal sediments from East China Sea.
Characterizing distributions, composition profiles, sources and potential health risk of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in the coastal sediments from East China Sea.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envpol.2016.02.054
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发表时间：
2016-06
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
Guoguang Wang;Jialin Peng;Dahai Zhang;Xianguo Li
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Guoguang Wang;Jialin Peng;Dahai Zhang;Xianguo Li
通过对长江口及邻近东海内陆架沉积物样本（n= 20）的采集，探讨了多溴联苯醚（PBDEs）的时空分布、环境命运、来源及潜在健康风险。BDE-209和总7PBDEs（不含BDE-209；∑7PBDEs）的浓度分别为干重62.3 ~ 1758 pg g - 1和36.9 ~ 233.6 pg g - 1；两个最高值都发生在温州市附近。BDE-209和∑7PBDEs浓度均呈现由近海向外陆架递减的趋势。在28°N以北，logBDE-183浓度与TOC/粒径呈显著的线性正相关（r2= 0.6734、0.5977），BDE-209浓度与TOC/粒径呈显著的线性正相关（r2= 0.4137、0.5332），说明YR对高溴化同系物的分布仅在北部有显著影响。YRE采集的沉积物岩心P01 （n= 1,m= 11）的PBDEs深度剖面显示，1930 ~ 2010年BDE-209的输入量逐渐增加，而∑7PBDEs的水平在1986年达到峰值，近年来明显下降。偏最小二乘回归（PLSR）结果表明，海岸带ECS中的多溴二苯醚主要来源于当地人为活动的直接排放（80.7%），其次是污染土壤的地表径流（15.1%）、沉积后微生物降解（2.6%）和大气运输过程中的光降解（1.6%）。在95%置信水平上，儿童、青少年和成人暴露于BDE-209的致癌风险分别为3.09 × 10−7、1.67 × 10−7和8.86 × 10−7，显著低于阈值水平（10−6）。三组的非癌症风险计算的危害指数（HI）也远小于1，表明没有非癌症风险。
Sediment samples (n= 20) were collected from Yangtze River Estuary (YRE) and the adjacent East China Sea (ECS) inner shelf to explore spatial and temporal distributions, environmental fate, sources and potential health risk of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). Concentrations of BDE-209 and total 7 PBDEs (without BDE-209; ∑7PBDEs) ranged from 62.3 to 1758 pg g−1and from 36.9 to 233.6 pg g−1dry weight, respectively; both of the highest values occurred near the city of Wenzhou. Concentrations of BDE-209 and ∑7PBDEs both indicated a decreasing trend from inshore areas toward outer shelf. Significantly positive linear correlations were only observed between logBDE-183 concentrations and TOC/grain size (r2= 0.6734 and 0.5977 for TOC and grain size, respectively) as well as BDE-209 and TOC/grain size (r2= 0.4137 and 0.5332 for TOC and grain size, respectively) in the north of 28°N, indicating that YR had significant influence on the distribution of higher brominated congeners only in the north part. Depth profiles of PBDEs in a sediment core P01 (n= 1,m= 11) collected from YRE showed that the input of BDE-209 gradually increased from 1930 to 2010, while the levels of ∑7PBDEs peaked in 1986 and obviously decreased in recent years. Partial Least-Squares Regression (PLSR) revealed that PBDEs in the coastal ECS were mainly from direct discharge of local anthropogenic activities (80.7%), followed by surface runoff of contaminated soils (15.1%), microbial degradation after sedimentation (2.6%) and photodegradation during atmospheric transportation (1.6%). The cancer risk of human exposure to BDE-209 at the 95% confidence level was 3.09 × 10−7, 1.67 × 10−7and 8.86 × 10−7for children, teens and adults, respectively, significantly lower than the threshold level (10−6). Hazard index (HI) calculated for non-cancer risk was also far less than 1 for the three groups, suggesting no non-cancer risk.