ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SEX RATIO DISTORTION AND SEXUALLY ANTAGONISTIC FITNESS CONSEQUENCES OF FEMALE CHOICE
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SEX RATIO DISTORTION AND SEXUALLY ANTAGONISTIC FITNESS CONSEQUENCES OF FEMALE CHOICE
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00692.x
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发表时间：
2009-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Jakubowski, Erin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Connallon, Tim;Jakubowski, Erin
遗传变异可能对一种性别有益，但在另一种性别中表达时却有害，这种情况被称为性拮抗。由于X染色体是从父亲传给女儿的，而且性拮抗适应性变异被预测通常是X连锁的，相对低适应性的男性的配偶可能会产生高适应性的女儿，而高适应性的男性的配偶会产生低适应性的女儿。这种健身后果已被预测影响雌性交配偏见和后代性别比的演变。雌性可能会进化到更喜欢能为女儿提供好基因的配偶，或者可能会调整后代的性别比例，以支持相对适合度最高的性别。我们测试这些可能性，在实验室适应人口的果蝇，并发现女性优先与男性交配携带的基因是有害的女儿。偏好的男性生育的子女数量相等，而不偏好的男性则会产生偏向女性的性别比例。因此，不喜欢的男性的平均后代适合度高于后代适合度的首选男性。这一观察结果对性选择和种群遗传变异的维持有几个有趣的影响。
Genetic variation can be beneficial to one sex yet harmful when expressed in the other-a condition referred to as sexual antagonism. Because X chromosomes are transmitted from fathers to daughters, and sexually antagonistic fitness variation is predicted to often be X-linked, mates of relatively low-fitness males might produce high-fitness daughters whereas mates of high-fitness males produce low-fitness daughters. Such fitness consequences have been predicted to influence the evolution of female mating biases and the offspring sex ratio. Females might evolve to prefer mates that provide good genes for daughters or might adjust offspring sex ratios in favor of the sex with the highest relative fitness. We test these possibilities in a laboratory-adapted population of Drosophila melanogaster, and find that females preferentially mate with males carrying genes that are deleterious for daughters. Preferred males produce equal numbers of sons and daughters, whereas unpreferred males produce female-biased sex ratios. As a consequence, mean offspring fitness of unpreferred males is higher than offspring fitness of preferred males. This observation has several interesting implications for sexual selection and the maintenance of population genetic variation for fitness.