Tackling the climate, biodiversity and pollution emergencies by making peace with nature 50 years after the Stockholm Conference
Tackling the climate, biodiversity and pollution emergencies by making peace with nature 50 years after the Stockholm Conference
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DOI：
10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2022.102466
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发表时间：
2022-03-01
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
Watson, Robert T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baste, Ivar A.;Watson, Robert T.
当今日益不平等和资源密集型的发展模式削弱并超越了地球维持人类福祉的有限能力。根据环境署的报告《与自然和平相处》，社会必须恢复这种能力，并在不放弃来之不易的发展成果的情况下适应这种能力，同时也尊重较贫穷国家和人民享有更好生活水平的正当愿望。本文介绍了该报告的调查结果，并就如何利用自斯德哥尔摩人类环境会议以来所取得的50年经验进行了思考。气候变化、生物多样性丧失和污染等相互关联的环境紧急情况需要一并处理。国际科学评估正在为知情的循证决策提供知识基础，但国际商定的气候和生物多样性环境目标没有一个实现，情况一年比一年严峻。除非这些问题在未来5-10年内得到解决，否则2030年可持续发展目标将无法实现。在这一努力中，需要调动人类的知识、智慧、技术与合作。2030年可持续发展议程及其17个可持续发展目标为转型提供了蓝图。国际环境治理结构需要促进全系统跨部门转变人类与自然的关系。经济、金融和生产系统的变革可以引导和推动向可持续性的转变。投资和监管方面的重大转变是克服惰性和既得利益反对的公正和知情转型的关键。政府需要在各级采取行动，同时加强社会所有行为者的行动，下一个十年至关重要。
Today's increasingly unequal and resource intensive development model degrades and surpasses Earth's finite capacity to sustain human well-being. Society must restore this capacity and adapt to it without surrendering hard won development gains while also honoring the rightful aspirations of poorer nations and people to enjoy better living standards, according to the UNEP report "Making Peace with Nature". This article presents findings from the report and reflections on how to take advantage of the 50 years of experience gained since the Stockholm Conference on the Human Environment. The interconnected environmental emergencies of climate change, loss of biodiversity and pollution need to be addressed together. International scientific assessments are providing the knowledge base for informed evidence-based decision-making, but none of the internationally agreed environmentally targets for climate and biodiversity have been met and the situation is becoming more dire with each passing year. Unless these issues are addressed in the next 5-10 years none of the 2030 sustainable development goals will be achieved. Human knowledge, ingenuity, technology and cooperation need to be mobilized in such an effort. The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development with its 17 Sustainable Development Goals provides a blueprint for the transformation. The international environmental governance structure needs to facilitate a system-wide cross-sectoral transformation of humankind's relationship with nature. Transformed economic, financial and productive systems can lead and power the shift to sustainability. Major shifts in investment and regulation are key to just and informed transformations that overcome inertia and opposition from vested interests. Government actions at all levels are needed together with strengthened actions by all actors in society and the next decade is critical.