Effects of anxiety versus depression on cognition in later life
Effects of anxiety versus depression on cognition in later life
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DOI：
10.1176/appi.ajgp.13.8.686
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发表时间：
2005-08-01
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Beekman, ATF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bierman, EJM;Comijs, HC;Beekman, ATF
目的：探讨老年人焦虑与认知功能的关系，并考虑共病抑郁症。研究方法：数据来自阿姆斯特丹纵向老龄化研究（LASA），这是一项针对荷兰3,107名老年人的大型流行病学研究。采用医院焦虑和抑郁量表-焦虑分量表和流行病学中心抑郁量表测量焦虑和抑郁。在测量认知能力时，一般认知功能通过简易精神状态检查来测量，情景记忆通过听觉言语学习测试（AVLT）来测量，流体智力通过使用RAVEN来测量，信息处理速度通过编码任务来测量。方差分析研究了焦虑症状和认知之间的关联，在人与抑郁症。结果：焦虑症状对AVLT的学习和延迟回忆有显著影响。抑郁症状在几乎所有的认知表现测试中表现出显著的主效应。轻度焦虑症状与更好的认知表现相关，而重度焦虑症状与认知功能呈负相关。相比之下，抑郁症状与认知呈线性相关;抑郁程度越高，认知越差。结论：焦虑与认知存在曲线关系。然而，抑郁症状总是与认知表现呈负相关。
Objective: The authors investigated the relationship between anxiety and cognition in older persons, taking account of comorbid depression. Methods: Data were used from the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA), a large epidemiological study of 3,107 elderly citizens in The Netherlands. Anxiety and depression were measured with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Anxiety subscale and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale. In measuring cognitive performance, general cognitive functioning was measured by means of Mini-Mental State Exam, episodic memory was measured with the Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT), fluid intelligence by using the RAVEN, and information-processing speed by the coding task. Analysis of variance examined the association between anxiety symptoms and cognition in persons with and without depression. Results: Main effects of anxiety symptoms were found for learning and delayed recall of the AVLT. Depression symptoms showed significant main effects on almost all cognitive performance tests. Mild anxiety symptoms were associated with better cognitive performance, whereas severe anxiety symptoms were negatively associated with cognitive functioning. In contrast, depressive symptoms showed a linear association with cognition; more depression was associated with worse cognition. Conclusion: This study suggests that anxiety has a curvilinear relationship with cognition. Depressive symptoms, however, were always negatively associated with cognitive performance.