When the internet sleeps: correlating diurnal networks with external factors
When the internet sleeps: correlating diurnal networks with external factors
复制标题
当互联网休眠时：将昼夜网络与外部因素相关联
DOI：
10.1145/2663716.2663721
复制
发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Y. Pradkin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lin Quan;J. Heidemann;Y. Pradkin
随着互联网的成熟，政策问题在其运作中越来越突出。ISP、城市或政府何时应该投资基础设施？他们的政策如何影响使用？在这项工作中，我们开发了一种新的方法来评估政策，经济条件和技术如何与世界各地的互联网使用相关。首先，我们开发了一种自适应和准确的方法来估计块可用性，即在短时间内（每11分钟）每个/24块中的活动IP地址的比例。我们的估计器提供了一个新的透镜来解释从现有的长期中断测量数据，因此不需要额外的流量。(If需要新的收集，它将是轻量级的，因为平均而言，中断检测需要每小时每/24块少于20个探头;少于本底辐射的1%。）其次，我们表明，频谱分析的这种措施可以识别昼夜使用：块地址定期使用在一天中的一部分，并在其他时间空闲。最后，我们分析了35天内整个响应式互联网（370万/24个区块）的数据。这些全球性的观察显示了互联网睡眠的时间和地点--在美国和西欧，网络大多是永远在线的，而在亚洲、南美和东欧的大部分地区，网络是白天运行的。方差分析（ANOVA）测试表明，昼夜网络与国家GDP和电力消费呈负相关，量化了国家政策和经济与网络的关系。
As the Internet matures, policy questions loom larger in its operation. When should an ISP, city, or government invest in infrastructure? How do their policies affect use? In this work, we develop a new approach to evaluate how policies, economic conditions and technology correlates with Internet use around the world. First, we develop an adaptive and accurate approach to estimate block availability, the fraction of active IP addresses in each /24 block over short timescales (every 11 minutes). Our estimator provides a new lens to interpret data taken from existing long-term outage measurements, thus requiring no additional traffic. (If new collection was required, it would be lightweight, since on average, outage detection requires less than 20 probes per hour per /24 block; less than 1% of background radiation.) Second, we show that spectral analysis of this measure can identify diurnal usage: blocks where addresses are regularly used during part of the day and idle in other times. Finally, we analyze data for the entire responsive Internet (3.7M /24 blocks) over 35 days. These global observations show when and where the Internet sleeps---networks are mostly always-on in the US and Western Europe, and diurnal in much of Asia, South America, and Eastern Europe. ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) testing shows that diurnal networks correlate negatively with country GDP and electrical consumption, quantifying that national policies and economics relate to networks.